MCAT Prep 2021
Gluceogenesis Correct Answer: metabolic pathway that results in the generation of glucose from non-carbohydrate carbon substrates, used to maintain blood glucose levels
Which of the following situations would NOT stimulate gluconeogenesis?
A. High glucagon levels
B. H...
which of the following situations would not stimulate gluconeogenesis
when is gluceogenesis stimulated
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MCAT Prep 2021
Gluceogenesis Correct Answer: metabolic pathway that results in the generation of glucose from non-
carbohydrate carbon substrates, used to maintain blood glucose levels
Which of the following situations would NOT stimulate gluconeogenesis?
A. High glucagon levels
B. High levels of AMP
C. High levels of citrate
D. High levels of acetyl-CoA Correct Answer: B.
Wouldn't be A because glucagon is released when blood glucose levels are low and drives pathways
toward gluconeogenesis to keep blood glucose levels stable
Wouldn't be C or D because high levels of citrate and acetyl-CoA indicate that the Krebs cycle is active
and does not need more precursors, so will shift the cell away from glycolysis and toward
gluconeogenesis. Think of it as taking these biosynthetic precursors and stashing them for future use.
They aren't needed if the Krebs cycle is operating at capacity
When is gluceogenesis stimulated? Correct Answer: When energy charge is high and glycolytic and
Krebs cycle intermediates are high. If energy is low, and/or Krebs cycle intermediates are low, then
glycolysis will be stimulated
What do high levels of AMP show? Correct Answer: Indicate that energy charge is low and that ATP
needs to be made. AMP inhibits the enzyme fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, keeping levels of fructose-1,6-
bisphosphate high and driving the cell towards glycolysis
Proteins are macromolecules formed by joining together individual amino acids. Which of the following
is true?
A. Protein synthesis proceeds in the N-->C direction, joining the carboxyl group carbon of the first amino
acid to the amino group nitrogen of the second amino acid.
B. Protein synthesis proceeds in the NC direction, joining the amino group nitrogen of the first amino
acid to the carboxyl group carbon of the second amino acid.
C. Protein synthesis proceeds in the CN direction, joining the carboxyl group carbon of the first amino
acid to the amino group nitrogen of the second amino acid.
D. Protein synthesis proceeds in the CN direction, joining the amino group nitrogen of the first amino
acid to the carboxyl group carbon of the second amino acid. Correct Answer: A.
, In prokaryotic cellular respiration, which of the following processes occur in the cytoplasm?
I. Glycolysis
II. Pyruvate decarboxylation (via the PDC)
III. Krebs cycle
A. I only
B. I and II only
C. II and III only
D. I, II, and III Correct Answer: D.
Since prokaryotes (bacteria) lack cellular organelles, all of cellular respiration takes place in the
cytoplasm. Electron transport occurs across the cell membrane. Statements I, II, and III are all true.
Where does cellular respiration occur in prokaryotes? Correct Answer: Cytoplasm
In the translation of a fifty-amino acid peptide, which of the following steps requires the greatest overall
amount of energy?
A. tRNA loading
B. Initiation
C. Translocation
D. Termination Correct Answer: A.
The most energy-intensive process in translation involves the attachment of amino acids to their
corresponding tRNAs, also known as tRNA loading.
What is termination in translation and transcription? Correct Answer: Termination involves the binding
of a release factor to a stop codon and does not directly require any energy
A non-competitive inhibitor:
I. binds to an allosteric site.
II. reduces the Vmax of a reaction.
III. can be overcome by adding more substrate.
A. I only
B. I and II only
C. II and III only
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