Summary IGCSE Edexcel Geography paper 2 notes

Brownfield site

Answer: Land that has been used, abandoned and now awaits some new use. Commonly found in urban areas, particularly in the inner city.

Business park

Answer: A purpose built area of offices and warehouses, often at the edge of a city and on a main road.

Congestion

Answer: When there is too great a volume of traffic for roads to cope with, so traffic jams form and traffic slows to a crawl.

Deprivation

Answer: When people lack what the rest of society considers ‘normal’ such as good housing, reasonable incomes or access to healthcare.

Ethnic group

Answer: A group of people sharing the same characteristics of race, nationality, language or religion.

Greenfield site

Answer: A plot of land, often in a rural or on the edge of an urban area that has not yet been subject to any building development.

Inner city

Answer: That part of the built‐up area and close to the CBD, often characterised by old housing, poor services and brownfield sites.

Land use

Answer: What types of buildings / economic activities exist in an area such as residential, retail or industrial.

Land value

Answer: The market value of a piece of land; what businesses or individuals are prepared to pay for it (or rent it).

Mega‐city

Answer: A city with a population exceeding 10 million.

Asylum seeker

Answer: a forced migrant (refugee) who has asked for permission to permanently remain in the county they have migrated too.

Ecotourism

Answer: a form of tourism which aims to conserve fragile ecosystems and ensure that its benefits (jobs, income) are retained within the local area.

forced migration

Answer: A movement of people caused by a push factor such as religious persecution or famine

Globalisation

Answer: The process which has created a more connected world, with increases in the movements of goods (trade) and people (migration & tourism) worldwide

Global shift

Answer: The movement of manufacturing industry and services from high cost locations (HICs) to lower costs locations, especially MICs in Asia

Interdependence

Answer: The drawing together of the countries of the world by the processes of globalisation

Package holiday / mass tourism

Answer: A holiday where travel and accommodation are put together by a tour operator; these are often relatively cheap holidays to popular places.