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HKR 2311 OPEN ASSIGNMENT 2 CHAPTER 10 GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022
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HKR 2311 OPEN ASSIGNMENT 2 CHAPTER 10 GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022
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Learning Objectives from Text for Open-Book Assignment #2Chapter 10
Specify the functions of skeletal muscle tissue.
Producing Movement,
Maintaining Posture and Body Position,
Supporting Soft Tissues,
Guarding Body Entrances and Exits,
Maintaining Body Temperature,
Storing Nutrients
Describe the three types of muscle tissue.
striated or skeletal (muscles which are attached to the skeleton, striated,
voluntary control)
smooth (walls of hollow visceral organs, spindle-shaped, involuntary control)
cardiac (walls of the heart, striated, involuntary control)
Describe the organization of connective tissue associated with muscle (i.e.,
epimysium, perimysium and others).
endomysium is the connective tissue that surrounds each muscle fiber (cell).
perimysium encircles a group of muscle fibers, forming a fascicle.
epimysium encircles all the fascicles to form a complete muscle.
tendon is a cordlike extension of the preceding three linings. It extends
beyond the muscle tissue to connect the muscle to a bone or to other muscles.
aponeurosis is a flat broad extension of the three muscle linings and serves
the same function as a tendon.
fascia is a term for a layer or sheet of connective tissue.
deep fascia surrounds the epimysium and encloses or lines other nearby
structures such as blood vessels, nerves, and the body wall.
superficial fascia (hypodermis or subcutaneous layer) lies immediately below
the skin
The epimysium is connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle.
The perimysium is connective tissue that surrounds groups of muscle fibers.
The endomysium is connective tissue that surrounds individual muscle fibers.
A tendon is an extension of al three.
Explain the unique characteristics of skeletal muscle fibres.
Large size
Multinucleate (Each fiber contains hundreds of nuclei)
excitability. contractility. extensibility - they can be stretched.
Red / Slow (Type I fibres, 'slow twitch fibres')
Red / Fast (Type IIa fibres, 'fast oxidative fibres')
White / Fast (Type IIb fibres, 'fast glycolytic fibres')
Type I fibers are used for repeated contractions of low intensity like jogging,
walking, bicycling.
Type IIa fibers are used in activity needing speed and strength like medium
weight lifting and medium sprints.
Type IIb fibers are used in activity needing short bursts of speed and strength
like heavy weight lifting and short sprints.
Identify the structural components of a muscle fibre (i.e., sarcolemma, T-
tubules, sarcoplasmic reticulum, sarcomere and others). (pg354)
Sarcolemma (barrier between the extracellular and intracellular compartments,
cell membrane of a striated muscle fiber cell)
Sarcomeres (a structural unit of a myofibril in striated muscle, consisting of
a dark band and the nearer half of each adjacent pale band. Sarcomeres are
composed of long, fibrous proteins as filaments that slide past each other when
a muscle contracts or relaxes. Two of the important proteins are myosin, which
forms the thick filament, and actin, which forms the thin filament.)
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