NUR 2513
Maternal Child Nursing Exam 3
NUR 2513
Maternal Child Nursing Exam 3
Hospitalization causes many issues - Stress is the Big one. This can be positive and negative Answer- Positive - Child begins to expand their world when parents are absent. Healthcare providers can see the child...
when a child is brought in by ems for evaluation following an accident the nurse understands that the child is evaluated on the a b c d scale answer airway
b
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NUR 2513
Maternal Child Nursing Exam 3
Hospitalization causes many issues - Stress is the Big one. This
can be positive and negative Answer- Positive - Child begins to
expand their world when parents are absent. Healthcare providers
can see the child adapt. If parents are gone too
long........abandonment can set in.
**Stress helps them learn how to cope.
Negative - Long term stress (not good), however display itself in
physical manifestation.
What are 3 things children are most afraid of? Answer- -losing
control or independence
-fear of pain or punishment
-fear of bodily harm or change
How can we minimize the stress of hospitalization? Answer-
Parent rooming in w/ patient, bring an object/toy from home, draw
pictures to hang in room, offer choices of watching movie or
picking a game, therapeutic play, child life specialist, guided
imagery
How do we communicate with children? Answer- Children in
general - Get to their level physically.
Use simple words.
Eye contact.
Play to demonstrate.
Be approachable.
DO NOT LIE TO THEM!
,Gain their attention before speaking, face child when speaking,
speak slowly and loudly.
Communication:Visual deficit Answer- Announce yourself, let
them know that you are there. Keep routine in the room the
same. Make sure they have their glasses on. Bright lights.
Communication: Cognitive issues Answer- Be gentle and kind,
very short directives. Praise. Hold boundaries.
Separation comfort care Answer- -with favorite items or activity,
distraction, parents room in or go with child to procedures.
-Child will protest separation due to anxiety, [prep with tours and
explanation, use transitional objects] reinforce when they will see
parent again.
-Despair follows due to grief of separation, detachment due to
ongoing anger/coping skills.
Alleviate stress and fears: Answer- -explain procedure
-distraction
-ask parent to stay and participate in care
-explain what's going on
What is the benefit of play? Answer- ● Allows children to express
feelings and fears.
● Facilitates mastery of developmental stages and assists in the
development of problem solving abilities.
● Allows children to learn socially acceptable behaviors.
● Activities should be specific to each child's stage
of development.
● Can be used to teach children.
● A means of protection from everyday stressors.
Solitary play Answer- The child plays alone, without regard for
those around him. Characteristic of infants.
Onlooker play Answer- The child observes the other children
around him as he plays alone; may alter own play activities based
on what he sees the others doing or may be content to continue
,in his play while simply talking with the other children; play
activities are different (e.g., one child may be bouncing a ball
while another is playing with jacks). Characteristic of toddlers.
**RED FLAG for continuing in this phase of play, which is usually
indicative of autism
Parallel play Answer- Children play independently among other
children but they do not yet play together, which is characteristic
of toddlers.
Associative play Answer- Children playing together without
organization, which is characteristic of preschoolers
Cooperative play Answer- Organized playing in groups. Children
assume designated roles in the games, have goals for the games,
and rely on one another for the game to continue and progress.
This is characteristic of school-age children and adolescents.
Nutrition is: Answer- the single most important factor in the
growth and development of children.
Are food fads that different children encounter harmful? Answer- -
No, and are usually self-limiting.
-Adolescents have many different needs for greater caloric intake
and more concentrated iron, folic acid, and protein.
Toddlers: At risk for? Answer- Physiological anemia
-Because of too much calcium in milk impedes iron absorption
Physiological anorexia
-Toddlers begin developing taste preferences and are generally
picky eaters who repeatedly request their favorite foods.
Physiologic anorexia occurs, resulting in toddlers becoming fussy
eaters because of a decreased appetite.
, Risks with inadequate nutrition: Answer- • Cardiac and organic
failure, electrolytic imbalance, cardiac dysrhythmia, tooth enamel
erosion, esophageal damage. Kids are obsessive picky eaters.
• Older kids become obsessive and restrictive.
• Over-eaters think about meals before all else.
• In little kids they can become constipated, unhealthy.
• Anemia can be an issue. Food fads are not uncommon and if the
child has a daily food intake that is overall balanced, the parent
should be comforted and instructed to continue to track the
intake.
Nutritional needs Answer- -Infant- breast feed up to 1 year, no
milk prior
-Solid foods - around 6 mo., slowly new food every 3-4 days
-Toddlers - picky eaters, physiological anorexia, grazers; no food
fads are detrimental unless purposely not eating.
-Growth problems if not receiving proper amount of proteins: Ask
what they like (if don't like milk find another option for calcium)
**Too much milk can cause anemia [Ca impedes iron absorption]
Adolescent nutrition requires Answer- Rapid growth and high
metabolism require increases in quality nutrients, and make
adolescents unable to tolerate caloric restrictions.
**During times of rapid growth, additional calcium, iron, protein,
folic acid, and zinc are needed.
Rate of growth Answer- Greatest growth in infants, and then again
in adolescents which puts them at risk for anemia due to
menstruation and muscle mass increase.
Restraints Answer- Are used for procedures to keep children
safe!!
*2 common types of restraints- mummy (papoose) and elbow
restraints.
• Elbow prevents elbow flex - can't reach things to pull/touch.
• Mummy (papoose) is swaddling and whole body stabilization.
Used for procedures and medication administration.
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