NR 602 Dermatology QBank Questions and Answers | Complete Solution
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NR 602
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NR 602
A microscopic examination of the sample taken from a skin lesion indicates hyphae. What type of infection might this indicate?
A child with a sandpaper-textured rash probably has:
A 40-year-old female patient presents to the clinic with multiple, painful reddened nodules on the anterior surface o...
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NR 602 Dermatology QBank Questions and Answers |
Complete Solution
A microscopic examination of the sample taken from a skin lesion indicates hyphae. What type of
infection might this indicate? (Fungal)
Under microscopic exam, hyphae are long, thin and branching and indicate dermatophytic infections.
Hyphae are typical in tinea pedis, tinea cruris, and tinea corporis.
A child with a sandpaper-textured rash probably has: (Strep infection)
Streptococcal infections can present as a sandpaper-textured rash that initially is felt on the trunk.
Rubeola, measles, produces a blanching erythematous “brick-red” maculopapular rash that begins on
the back of the neck and spreads around the trunk and then extremities. Varicella infection produces
the classic crops of eruptions on the trunk that spread to the face. The rash is maculopapular initially
and then crusts. Roseola produces a generalized maculopapular rash preceded by 3 days of high fever.
A 40-year-old female patient presents to the clinic with multiple, painful reddened nodules on
the anterior surface of both legs. She is concerned. These are probably associated with her
history of: (ulcerative colitis)
These nodules describe erythema nodosum. These are most common in women aged 15-40 years old.
They are typically found in pretibial locations and can be associated with infectious agents, drugs, or
systemic inflammatory disease like ulcerative colitis. They probably occur as a result of a delayed
hypersensitivity reaction to antigens. It is not unusual to find polyarthralgia, fever, and/or malaise that
precede or accompany the skin nodules.
A patient is diagnosed with tinea pedis. A microscopic examination of the sample taken from the
infected area would likely demonstrate: (hyphae)
Under microscopic exam, hyphae are long, thin and branching, and indicate dermatophytic infections.
Hyphae are typical in tinea pedis, tinea cruris, and tinea corporis. Yeasts are usually seen in candidal
infections. Cocci and rods are specific to bacterial infections.
When can a child with chickenpox return to daycare? (After all lesions have crusted)
Chickenpox is highly contagious and can be spread via respiratory secretions from an infected person or
by direct contact from the vesicle fluid from lesions on the skin or mucus membranes. The usual
incubation period is about 2 weeks but can be as long as 21 days or as short as 10 days. The greatest
period of infectivity is 48 hours prior to the onset of the rash and until all the skin lesions have crusted
over.
A patient with a primary case of scabies was probably infected: (3-4 weeks ago)
The incubation period for scabies is about 3-4 weeks after primary infection. Patients with subsequent
infections with scabies will develop symptoms in 1-3 days. The classic symptom is itching that is worse
at night, coupled with a rash that appears in new areas over time.
Page 1 of 18
,The nurse practitioner examines a patient who has had poison ivy for 3 days. She asks if she can
spread it to her family members. The nurse practitioner replies: (“No, transmission does not occur
from the blister’s contents”)
Page 2 of 18
, The skin reaction seen after exposure to poison ivy (or any other skin irritant), takes place because of
contact with the offending substance. In the case of poison ivy, the harmful exposure occurs from
contact with oil from the plant. The eruptions seen are NOT able to transmit the reaction to other
people unless oil from the plant remains on the skin and someone touches the oil. The fluid found in the
blisters is NOT able to transmit poison ivy to anyone; only the oil from the plant can do that. After oil has
touched the skin, some time must pass for the reaction to occur. Therefore, reaction times vary
depending on skin thickness and quantity of oil contacting the skin.
Which chronic skin disorder primarily affects hairy areas of the body? (Seborrheic dermatitis)
Seborrheic dermatitis causes flaking of the skin, usually the scalp. In adolescents and adults, when it
affects the scalp, it is termed dandruff. When this occurs in young children or infants, it is termed “cradle
cap”. The exact cause is unknown; however it has a propensity for hairy areas of the body such as the
scalp, face, chest, and legs. It appears greasy and flaky. This may be seen in patients with Parkinson’s
disease.
A patient with diabetes has right anterior shin edema, erythema, warmth, and tenderness to touch.
This developed over the past 3 days. There is no visible pus. What is the most likely diagnosis to
consider? (Cellulitis)
This description is one of cellulitis. Cellulitis involves an infection of the subcutaneous layers of the
skin. It must be treated with an oral antibiotic. In a patient with diabetes, it is particularly important to
identify, and aggressively treat cellulitis early, because elevated blood sugar levels will make
eradication more difficult. Buerger’s disease involves inflammation of the medium-sized arteries and
does not present on the anterior shin only. DVT seldom presents on the anterior shin, so this is not
likely. Venous disease does not present acutely, as in this situation.
The agent commonly used to treat patients with scabies is permethrin. How often should it be
applied to eradicate scabies? (Once)
A single whole-body application of permethrin is usually successful in eradicating infection with scabies.
It is applied over the entire body from the neck down. The lotion is left on and then showered off 8-12
hours later. All contacts must be treated at the same time and all potential fomites (bed linen,
mattresses, cloth furniture, etc.) must be treated as well. Permethrin can be sprayed on cloth fomites,
or the fomite can be bagged for several days, washed and dried in a washing machine and dryer. Ironing
clothes after washing them is acceptable.
Impetigo is characterized by: (honey-colored crusts)
Impetigo is a superficial bacterial infection of the skin characterized by honey-colored crusts. Another
form of impetigo is characterized by the presence of bullae. These infections are treated with topical
antibiotics, good hygiene, and frequent hand washing. It is usually caused by Staphylococcus or Group A
Streptococcus.
A 60-year-old patient is noted to have rounding of the distal phalanx of the fingers. What might have
caused this? (Hepatic cirrhosis)
Page 3 of 18
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