Which of the following symptoms do you expect to see in a patient diagnosed
with acute pyelonephritis?
1. Jaundice and flank pain
2. Costovertebral angle tenderness and chills
3. Burning sensation on urination
4. Polyuria and nocturia Correct answer- Answer: 2. Costovertebral angle
tenderness...
which of the following symptoms do you expect to see in a patient diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis
you have a patient that might have a urinary tract infection u
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Renal NCLEX Questions and Answers
1. Which of the following symptoms do you expect to see in a patient
diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis?
1. Jaundice and flank pain
2. Costovertebral angle tenderness and chills
3. Burning sensation on urination
4. Polyuria and nocturia Correct answer- Answer: 2. Costovertebral angle
tenderness, flank pain, and chills are symptoms of acute
pyelonephritis. Jaundice indicates gallbladder or liver obstruction. A
burning sensation on urination is a sign of lower urinary tract infection.
2. You have a patient that might have a urinary tract infection (UTI).
Which statement by the patient suggests that a UTI is likely?
1. "I pee a lot."
2. "It burns when I pee."
3. "I go hours without the urge to pee."
4. "My pee smells sweet." Correct answer- Answer: 2. A common
symptom of a UTI is dysuria. A patient with a UTI often reports frequent
voiding of small amounts and the urgency to void. Urine that smells
sweet is often associated with diabetic ketoacidosis.
3. Which instructions do you include in the teaching care plan for a
patient with cystitis receiving phenazopyridine (Pyridium).
1. If the urine turns orange-red, call the doctor.
2. Take phenazopyridine just before urination to relieve pain.
3. Once painful urination is relieved, discontinue prescribed antibiotics.
4. After painful urination is relieved, stop taking phenazopyridine. Correct
answer- Answer: 4. Pyridium is taken to relieve dysuria because is
provides an analgesic and anesthetic effect on the urinary tract
mucosa. The patient can stop taking it after the dysuria is relieved. The
urine may temporarily turn red or orange due to the dye in the drug.
The drug isn't taken before voiding, and is usually taken 3 times a day
for 2 days.
4. Which patient is at greatest risk for developing a urinary tract infection
(UTI)?
1. A 35 y.o. woman with a fractured wrist
, 2. A 20 y.o. woman with asthma
3. A 50 y.o. postmenopausal woman
4. A 28 y.o. with angina Correct answer- Answer: 3. Women are more
prone to UTI's after menopause due to reduced estrogen levels.
Reduced estrogen levels lead to reduced levels of vaginal Lactobacilli
bacteria, which protect against infection. Angina, asthma and fractures
don't increase the risk of UTI.
5. You have a patient that is receiving peritoneal dialysis. What should
you do when you notice the return fluid is slowly draining?
1. Check for kinks in the outflow tubing.
2. Raise the drainage bag above the level of the abdomen.
3. Place the patient in a reverse Trendelenburg position.
4. Ask the patient to cough. Correct answer- Answer: 1. Tubing problems
are a common cause of outflow difficulties, check the tubing for kinks
and ensure that all clamps are open. Other measures include having
the patient change positions (moving side to side or sitting up),
applying gentle pressure over the abdomen, or having a bowel
movement.
6. What is the appropriate infusion time for the dialysate in your 38 y.o.
patient with chronic renal failure?
1. 15 minutes
2. 30 minutes
3. 1 hour
4. 2 to 3 hours Correct answer- Answer: 1. Dialysate should be infused
quickly. The dialysate should be infused over 15 minutes or less when
performing peritoneal dialysis. The fluid exchange takes place over a
period ranging from 30 minutes to several hours.
7. A 30 y.o. female patient is undergoing hemodialysis with an internal
arteriovenous fistula in place. What do you do to prevent complications
associated with this device?
1. Insert I.V. lines above the fistula.
2. Avoid taking blood pressures in the arm with the fistula.
3. Palpate pulses above the fistula.
4. Report a bruit or thrill over the fistula to the doctor. Correct answer-
Answer: 2. Don't take blood pressure readings in the arm with the
fistula because the compression could damage the fistula. IV lines
shouldn't be inserted in the arm used for hemodialysis. Palpate pulses
below the fistula. Lack of bruit or thrill should be reported to the
doctor.
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