Med Surg HESI Review
Questions and Answers
The nurse is assessing a client's laboratory values following administration of
chemotherapy. which lab value leads the nurse to suspect that the client is experiencing
tumor lysis syndrome (TLS)?
A. serum PTT of 10 seconds
B. serum calcium of 5 mg...
Med Surg HESI Review
Questions and Answers
The nurse is assessing a client's laboratory values following administration of
chemotherapy. which lab value leads the nurse to suspect that the client is experiencing
tumor lysis syndrome (TLS)?
A. serum PTT of 10 seconds
B. serum calcium of 5 mg/dl
C. oxygen saturation of 90%
D. hemoglobin of 10 g/dl
B
A client has undergone insertion of a permanent pacemaker. When developing a
discharge teaching plan, the nurse writes a goal of, "The client will verbalize symptoms
of pacemaker failure." Which symptoms are most important to teach the client?
A) Facial flushing.
B) Fever.
C) Pounding headache.
D) Feelings of dizziness.
D
the nurse is assessing a client with bacterial meningitis. which assessment finding
indicates the client may have developed septic emboli?
A. cyanosis of fingertips
B. bradycardia and bradypnea
C. presence of S3 and S4 heartsounds
D. 3+ pitting edema of the lower extremities
A
Which milestone indicates to the nurse successful achievement of young adulthood?
A) Demonstrates a conceptualization of death and dying.
B) Completes education and becomes self-supporting.
C) Creates a new definition of self and roles with others.
D) Develops a strong need for parental support and approval.
B
the nurse is assessing a client who has a history of Parkinson's disease for the past 5
years. what symptoms would the client most likely exhibit?
A. loss of short-term memory, facial tics and grimaces, and constant writhing
movements
B. shuffling gait, masklike facial expression and tremors of the head
C. extreme muscular weakness, easy fatiguability, and ptosis
D. numbness of the extremities, loss of balance, and visual disturbances
B
which information about mammograms is most important to provide a post-menopausal
female client?
,A. breast self-examinations are not needed if annual mammograms are obtained
B. radiation exposure is minimized by shielding the abdomen with a lead-lined apron
C. yearly mammograms should be done regardless of previous normal X rays
D. women at high risk should have annual routine and ultrasound mammograms
C
The nurse formulates the nursing diagnosis of, Urinary retention related to sensorimotor
deficit for a client with multiple sclerosis. Which nursing intervention should the nurse
implement?
A) Teach the client techniques of intermittent self-catheterization.
B) Decrease fluid intake to prevent over distention of the bladder.
C) Use incontinence briefs to maintain hygiene with urinary dribbling.
D) Explain that anticholinergic drugs will decrease muscle spasticity.
A
A client who is HIV positive asks the nurse, "How will I know when I have AIDS?" Which
response is best for the nurse to provide?
A) Diagnosis of AIDS is made when you have 2 positive ELISA test results.
B) Diagnosis is made when both the ELISA and the Western Blot tests are positive.
C) I can tell that you are afraid of being diagnosed with AIDS. Would you like for me to
call your minister?
D) AIDS is diagnosed when a specific opportunistic infection is found in an otherwise
healthy individual.
D
a client with cirrhosis develops increasing pedal edema and ascites. what dietary
modification is most important for the nurse to teach this client?
A. avoid high carbohydrate food
B. decrease intake of fat soluble vitamins
C. decrease caloric intake
D. restrict salt and fluid intake
D
Despite several eye surgeries, a 78-year-old client who lives alone has persistent vision
problems. The visiting nurse is discussing painting the house with the client. The nurse
suggests that the edge of the steps should be painted which color?
A) Black.
B) White.
C) Light green.
D) Medium yellow.
D
a client taking a thiazide diuretic for the past six months has a serum potassium level of
3. the nurse anticipates which change in prescription for the client?
A. the dosage of the diuretic will be decreased
B. the diuretic will be discontinued
C. a potassium supplement will be prescribed
D. the dosage of the diuretic will be increased
C
the nurse is caring for a client with a stroke resulting in right-sided paresis and aphasia.
the client attempts to use the left hand for feedings and other self-care activities. the
, spouse becomes frustrated and insists on doing everything for the client. based on this
data, which nursing diagnosis should the nurse document for this client?
A. situational low self-esteem related to functional impairment and change in role
function.
B. disabled family coping related to dissonant coping style of significant person
C. interrupted family processes related to shift in health status of family member
D. risk for ineffective therapeutic regimen management related to complexity of care.
B
A client is admitted to the hospital with a medical diagnosis of pneumococcal
pneumonia. the nurse knows that the prognosis for gram-negative pneumonias (such as
E. coli, klebisella, pseudomonas, and proteus) is very poor because
A. they occur in the lower lobe alveoli which are more sensitive to infection
B. gram-negative organisms are more resistant to antibiotic therapy
C. they occur in healthy young adults who have recently been debilitated by an upper
respiratory infection
D. gram-negative pneumonias usually affect infants and small children
B
The nurse assesses a client with advanced cirrhosis of the liver for signs of hepatic
encephalopathy. which finding would the nurse consider an indication of progressive
hepatic encephalopathy?
A. an increase in abdominal girth
B. hypertension and a bounding pulse
C. decreased bowel sounds
D. difficulty in handwriting
D
During lung assessment, the nurse places a stethoscope on a client's chest and
instructs him/her to say "99" each time the chest is touched with the stethoscope. What
should be the correct interpretation if the nurse hears the spoken words "99" very
clearly through the stethoscope?
A) This is a normal auscultatory finding.
B) May indicate pneumothorax.
C) May indicate pneumonia.
D) May indicate severe emphysema.
C
After checking the urinary drainage system for kinks in the tubing, the nurse determines
that a client who has returned from the post-anesthesia care has a dark, concentrated
urinary output of 54 ml for the last 2 hours. What priority nursing action should be
implemented?
A) Report the findings to the surgeon.
B) Irrigate the indwelling urinary catheter.
C) Apply manual pressure to the bladder.
D) Increase the IV flow rate for 15 minutes.
A
A client with diabetes mellitus is experiencing polyphagia. Which outcome statement is
the priority for this client?
A) Fluid and electrolyte balance.
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