AQA A-level PSYCHOLOGY 7182/3R Paper 3 Issues and options in psychology Mark scheme November 2020
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A-level PSYCHOLOGY 7182/3R Paper 3 nov2020
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A-level PSYCHOLOGY 7182/3R Paper 3 Nov2020
AQA A-level
PSYCHOLOGY
7182/3R
Paper 3 Issues and options in psychology
Mark scheme
November 2020Marks for this question: AO1 = 2
2 marks for a clear and coherent answer with some elaboration.
1 mark for a limited/muddled answer.
Content
The idea that a behaviour can only be properly under...
aqa a level psychology 71823r paper 3 issues and options in psychology mark scheme november 2020
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A-level
PSYCHOLOGY
7182/3R
Paper 3 Issues and options in psychology
Mark scheme
November 2020
Version: 1.0 Final Mark Scheme
*206A7182/3R/MS*
, MARK SCHEME – A-LEVEL PSYCHOLOGY – 7182/3R – NOVEMBER 2020
Mark schemes are prepared by the Lead Assessment Writer and considered, together with the relevant
questions, by a panel of subject teachers. This mark scheme includes any amendments made at the
standardisation events which all associates participate in and is the scheme which was used by them in
this examination. The standardisation process ensures that the mark scheme covers the students’
responses to questions and that every associate understands and applies it in the same correct way.
As preparation for standardisation each associate analyses a number of students’ scripts. Alternative
answers not already covered by the mark scheme are discussed and legislated for. If, after the
standardisation process, associates encounter unusual answers which have not been raised they are
required to refer these to the Lead Examiner.
It must be stressed that a mark scheme is a working document, in many cases further developed and
expanded on the basis of students’ reactions to a particular paper. Assumptions about future mark
schemes on the basis of one year’s document should be avoided; whilst the guiding principles of
assessment remain constant, details will change, depending on the content of a particular examination
paper.
Further copies of this mark scheme are available from aqa.org.uk.
Copyright information
AQA retains the copyright on all its publications. However, registered schools/colleges for AQA are permitted to copy material from this booklet for their own
internal use, with the following important exception: AQA cannot give permission to schools/colleges to photocopy any material that is acknowledged to a third
party even for internal use within the centre.
, MARK SCHEME – A-LEVEL PSYCHOLOGY – 7182/3R – NOVEMBER 2020
Level of response marking instructions
Level of response mark schemes are broken down into levels, each of which has a descriptor. The
descriptor for the level shows the average performance for the level. There are marks in each level.
Before you apply the mark scheme to a student’s answer read through the answer and annotate it (as
instructed) to show the qualities that are being looked for. You can then apply the mark scheme.
Step 1 Determine a level
Start at the lowest level of the mark scheme and use it as a ladder to see whether the answer meets the
descriptor for that level. The descriptor for the level indicates the different qualities that might be seen in
the student’s answer for that level. If it meets the lowest level then go to the next one and decide if it
meets this level, and so on, until you have a match between the level descriptor and the answer. With
practice and familiarity you will find that for better answers you will be able to quickly skip through the
lower levels of the mark scheme.
When assigning a level you should look at the overall quality of the answer and not look to pick holes in
small and specific parts of the answer where the student has not performed quite as well as the rest. If
the answer covers different aspects of different levels of the mark scheme you should use a best fit
approach for defining the level and then use the variability of the response to help decide the mark within
the level, ie if the response is predominantly Level 3 with a small amount of Level 4 material it would be
placed in Level 3 but be awarded a mark near the top of the level because of the Level 4 content.
Step 2 Determine a mark
Once you have assigned a level you need to decide on the mark. The descriptors on how to allocate
marks can help with this. The exemplar materials used during standardisation will help. Answers in the
standardising materials will correspond with the different levels of the mark scheme. These answers will
have been awarded a mark by the Lead Examiner. You can compare the student’s answer with the
standardised examples to determine if it is the same standard, better or worse than the example. You
can then use this to allocate a mark for the answer based on the Lead Examiner’s mark on the example.
You may well need to read back through the answer as you apply the mark scheme to clarify points and
assure yourself that the level and the mark are appropriate.
Indicative content in the mark scheme is provided as a guide for examiners. It is not intended to be
exhaustive and you must credit other valid points. Students do not have to cover all of the points
mentioned in the indicative content to reach the highest level of the mark scheme.
An answer which contains nothing of relevance to the question must be awarded no marks.
3
, MARK SCHEME – A-LEVEL PSYCHOLOGY – 7182/3R – NOVEMBER 2020
Section A
Issues and debates in psychology
0 1 Outline what is meant by cultural relativism.
[2 marks]
Marks for this question: AO1 = 2
2 marks for a clear and coherent answer with some elaboration.
1 mark for a limited/muddled answer.
Content
The idea that a behaviour can only be properly understood/only has meaning/only makes sense in the
context of the norms and values of the society or culture in which it occurs.
Max 1 mark for reference to norms/normal behaviours/values as specific to a culture or for noting that it
is inappropriate to study only one culture then make generalisations.
Credit alternative valid outlines.
0 2 Suggest two ways in which researchers might reduce cultural bias in their research.
[2 marks]
Marks for this question: AO3 = 2
Award 1 mark for each relevant way up to a maximum of 2 marks.
Possible ways:
• do not attempt to extrapolate findings/theories to cultures that are not represented in the research
sample
• use researchers who are native to/familiar with/immersed in the culture being investigated
• carry out cross-cultural research rather than research with a sole culture
• do not assume universal norms/standards across different cultures
• be sensitive to cultural norms/standards when designing research/when reporting findings
• study single culture to understand that culture (emic approach)
• taking a reflexive approach ie constantly reflecting on own biases when carrying out research
Credit other relevant suggestions.
4
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