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NSG 5003 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY / NSG 5003 WEEK 10 FINAL EXAM
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NSG 5003 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY / NSG 5003 WEEK 10 FINAL EXAM
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NSG 5003 Final ExamWhich substances cause airway epithelium to constrict?
- Histamine and prostaglandin
What is the most common cause of pulmonary edema?
- left sided heart failure
Which condition involves an abnormally enlarged gas-exchange system and the destruction of
the lung's alveolar walls?
- Emphysema
Which condition is a fulminant form of respiratory failure characterized by acute lung
inflammation and diffuse alveolocapillary injury?
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
Which structure(s) in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) release inflammatory
mediators such as proteolytic enzymes, oxygen-free radicals, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and
platelet-activating factor?
- Neutrophils
In acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), alveoli and respiratory bronchioles fill with fluid
as a result of which mechanism?
- Inactivation of surfactant and the impairment of type II alveolar cells
Which immunoglobulin (Ig) may contribute to the pathophysiologic characteristics of asthma
- IgE
,Clinical manifestations of inspiratory and expiratory wheezing, dyspnea, nonproductive cough,
and tachypnea are indicative of which condition?
- Asthma
Which factor contributes to the production of mucus associated with chronic bronchitis?
- Increased Goblet cell size
Clinical manifestations of decreased exercise tolerance, wheezing, shortness of breath, and
productive cough are indicative of which respiratory disorder?
- Chronic bronchitis
Clinical manifestations that include unexplained weight loss, dyspnea on exertion, use of
accessory muscles, and tachypnea with prolonged expiration are indicative of which respiratory
disorder?
- Emphysema
Clinical manifestations of inspiratory crackles, increased tactile fremitus, egophony, and
whispered pectoriloquy are indicative of which respiratory condition?
- Pneumonia
What medical term is used to identify the presence of pus in the pleural space?
- Empyema
Bronchiolitis tends to occur during the first years of life and is most often caused by what type
of infection?
- Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
Which statement accurately describes childhood asthma?
- An obstructive airway disease characterized by reversible airflow obstruction, bronchial
hyperreactivity, and inflammation
, Which statement best describes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?
- A pulmonary disease characterized by severe hypoxemia, decreased pulmonary compliance,
and the presence of bilateral infiltrates on chest x-ray imaging
When considering the signs and symptoms of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the
absence of which condition is considered characteristic?
- Heart failure
What is the fundamental physiologic manifestation of anemia?
- Hypoxia
Considering host defense mechanisms, which element in the urine is bacteriostatic (prevents
the growth of bacteria)
- high urea
Pyelonephritis is usually by which type of organism
- bacteria
A patient exhibits symptoms including hematuria with red blood cells casts and proteinuria
exceeding 3 to 5 g/day, with albumin as the major protein. These data suggest presence of
which disorder
- Glomerulonephritis
Which viurs is a precursor for developing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical
cancer
- human papillomavirus (HPV)
Which benign breast tumor affects postmenopausal women and is characterized by the
principal lactiferous ducts becoming dilated and filled with cellular debris
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