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Chapter 29- Introduction to the Autonomic Nervous System
The central nervous system (CNS) cells, where the impulses for the sympathetic nervous system
1. (SNS) originate, are located where?
A) Cranium and sacral area of the spinal cord
B) Hy...
nur 205 test one test bank | verified answers chapter 29 introduction to the autonomic nervous system the central nervous system cns cells
where the impulses for the sympathetic nervous system 1
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NUR 205 TEST ONE TEST BANK | VERIFIED ANSWERS
Chapter 29- Introduction to the Autonomic Nervous System
The central nervous system (CNS) cells, where the impulses for the sympathetic nervous system
1. (SNS) originate, are located where?
A) Cranium and sacral area of the spinal cord
B) Hypothalamus and the medulla
C) Nerve membranes
D) Thoracic and lumbar sections of the spinal
cord Ans: D
Feedback:
The SNS is also called the thoracolumbar system because the CNS cells, where the impulses for
the SNS originate, are located in the thoracic and lumbar sections of the spinal cord. The
parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) is called the craniosacral system because the CNS
neurons, where the impulses for the PNS originate, are found in the cranium and the sacral area
of the spinal cord. Alpha2-receptors are located on nerve membranes and the hypothalamus
and medulla are located where the main nerve centers for the autonomic nervous system (ANS)
are located.
The nurse assesses that the patient is having a sympathetic response when noting what
2. manifestations?
A) Decrease in sweating, decrease in respirations, and pupil constriction
B) Decrease in heart rate and perfusion, and an increase in inflammatory reactions
C) Increase in blood pressure, bronchodilation, and decreased bowel sounds
D) Increased motility and secretions in the GI tract, and constriction of bronchi and
pupils Ans: C
Feedback:
When stimulated, the sympathetic nervous system prepares the body to flee or to turn and fight
, (Figure 29.3). Cardiovascular activity increases, as do blood pressure, heart rate, and blood flow
to the skeletal muscles. Respiratory efficiency also increases; bronchi dilate to allow more air to
enter with each breath, and the respiratory rate increases. Pupils dilate to permit more light to
enter the eye, to improve vision in darkened areas (which helps a person to see to fight or flee).
Sweating increases to dissipate heat generated by the increased metabolic activity.
An anatomy and physiology instructor scratches chalk across the blackboard causing a
screeching sound. Several students get a feeling like their “hair is standing on end.” This
response is part of
3. the sympathetic stress reaction and is called what?
A) Diaphoresis
B) Diuresis
C) Piloerection
D) Vasoconstriction
Ans: C
Feedback:
The “goose flesh” or “hair standing on end” reaction that occurs as part of the stress response is
called piloerection. Diaphoresis refers to sweating. Diuresis is the loss of water through the
kidneys. Vasoconstriction is a muscle contraction in the blood vessel leading to blood vessel
narrowing.
The nurse administers a drug to the patient whose heart rate is bradycardic aimed at increasing
4. heart rate and myocardial activity. What adrenergic receptor is this drug stimulating?
A) Alpha1
B) Alpha2
C) Beta1
D) Beta2
Ans: C
Feedback:
, Beta1-receptors are found in cardiac tissue where they can stimulate increased myocardial
activity and increased heart rate. Alpha1-receptors are found in blood vessels, in the iris, and in
the urinary bladder. Alpha2-receptors are located on nerve membranes and act as modulators
of norepinephrine release. Beta1-receptors are found in smooth muscle in blood vessels, in the
bronchi, in the periphery, and in uterine muscle.
The nurse administers a drug that stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system. What
5. physiological response would indicate the drug is working?
A) Vasoconstriction
B) Increased gastrointestinal (GI) motility
C) Increased heart rate
D) Pupil dilation
Ans: B
Feedback:
When the parasympathetic nervous system is stimulated, the result is increased GI motility,
decreased GI secretions, decreased heart rate, and pupillary constriction, which all result from
stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system.
When the nurse administers a drug that stimulates the nicotinic receptors, what manifestation
6. would indicate the drug is working?
A) Increased gastrointestinal (GI) motility
B) Decrease in heart rate
C) Muscle contraction
D) Pupil constriction
Ans: C
Feedback:
Nicotinic receptors are located in the central nervous system (CNS), the adrenal medulla, the
, autonomic ganglia, and the neuromuscular junction. Stimulation of nicotinic receptors causes
muscle contractions, autonomic responses, and release of norepinephrine from the adrenal
medulla. Increased GI motility, decreased heart rate, and pupil constriction are the result of
stimulation of the muscarinic receptors.
A young woman who lives alone comes home at night to find a man in her apartment. What
7. body responses would be expected for the young woman?
A) Increased blood pressure (BP), increased heart rate, and pupil dilation
B) Decrease sweating, decreased BP, and increased heart rate
C) Pupil constriction, increased respiratory rate, and decreased heart rate
D) Increased sweating, decreased respiratory rate, and increased
BP Ans: A
Feedback:
When stimulated by a stressful or fearful situation, the sympathetic nervous system (SNS)
prepares the body to flee or to turn and fight. Cardiovascular activity increases as do blood
pressure, heart rate, and blood flow to skeletal muscles. Respiratory rate increases, pupils
dilate, and sweating increases. Decrease in sweating, BP, heart rate, respiratory rate, and pupil
constriction indicate stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system, which would not be
stimulated by fear.
When there is stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), blood is diverted away
from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. What might the nurse assess that would indicate this
diversion of
8. blood flow to the GI tract?
A) Increased blood glucose levels
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