NURS 601 Pharm Immune Meds Questions and Answers- University of San Francisco
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Nursing
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Nursing
NURS 601 Pharm Immune Meds Questions and Answers- University of San Francisco/NURS 601 Pharm Immune Meds Questions and Answers- University of San Francisco/NURS 601 Pharm Immune Meds Questions and Answers- University of San Francisco/NURS 601 Pharm Immune Meds Questions and Answers- University of S...
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KEY:
All un-highlighted questions are required for Patho-Pharm 1
Red Text = Should Understand
Green Text = Absolutely Should Know
Yellow Highlight = Patho-Pharm 2 Material (Skip in Patho-Pharm 1)
Blue Highlight = Skip (In both Patho-Pharm 1 & 2)
Immune Medications
1. The client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and Pneumocystis jiroveci infection has
been receiving pentamidine. The client develops a temperature of 101°F (38.3°C). The nurse
continues to assess the client, knowing that this sign most likely indicates which condition?
1. That the dose of the medication is too low
2. That the client is experiencing toxic effects of the medication
3. That the client has developed inadequacy of thermoregulation
4. That the client has developed another infection caused by leukopenic effects of the
medication
Correct answer: 4
Rationale: Frequent adverse effects of this medication include leukopenia, thrombocytopenia,
and anemia. The client should be monitored routinely for signs and symptoms of infection.
Options 1, 2, and 3 are inaccurate interpretations.
2. The nurse caring for a client who is taking an aminoglycoside should monitor the client for
which adverse effects of the medication? Select all that apply.
Rationale: Aminoglycosides are administered to inhibit the growth of bacteria. Adverse effects
of this medication include confusion, ototoxicity, renal toxicity, gastrointestinal irritation,
palpitations or dysrhythmias, blood pressure changes, and hypersensitivity reactions.
Therefore, the remaining options are incorrect.
,3. Ketoconazole is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of candidiasis. Which interventions
should the nurse include when administering this medication? Select all that apply.
1. Restrict fluid intake.
2. Monitor liver function studies.
3. Instruct the client to avoid alcohol.
4. Administer the medication with an antacid.
5. Instruct the client to avoid exposure to the sun.
6. Administer the medication on an empty stomach.
Correct answer: 2, 3, 5
Rationale: Ketoconazole is an antifungal medication. There is no reason for the client to restrict
fluid intake; in fact, this could be harmful to the client. The medication is hepatotoxic, and the
nurse monitors liver function. It is administered with food (not on an empty stomach) and
antacids are avoided for 2 hours after taking the medication to ensure absorption. The client is
also instructed to avoid alcohol. In addition, the client is instructed to avoid exposure to the sun
because the medication increases photosensitivity.
4. The nurse is caring for a client who has been taking a sulfonamide and should monitor for
signs and symptoms of which adverse effects of the medication? Select all that apply.
Rationale: Adverse effects of sulfonamides include nephrotoxicity, bone marrow suppression, GI
effects, hepatotoxicity, dermatological effects, and some neurological symptoms, including
headache, dizziness, vertigo, ataxia, depression, and seizures. Options 1, 2, and 6 are unrelated
to these medications.
5. The nurse is reviewing the results of serum laboratory studies drawn on a client with acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome who is receiving didanosine. The nurse interprets that the client
may have the medication discontinued by the health care provider if which elevated result is
noted?
Rationale: Didanosine can cause pancreatitis. A serum amylase level that is increased to 1.5 to 2
times normal may signify pancreatitis in the client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
and is potentially fatal. The medication may have to be discontinued. The medication is also
hepatotoxic and can result in liver failure.
6. The nurse is caring for a postrenal transplantation client taking cyclosporine. The nurse notes
an increase in one of the client's vital signs and the client is complaining of a headache. What
vital sign is most likely increased?
Rationale: Hypertension can occur in a client taking cyclosporine, and because this client is also
complaining of a headache, the blood pressure is the vital sign to be monitored most closely.
Other adverse effects include infection, nephrotoxicity, and hirsutism. Options 1, 2, and 4 are
unrelated to the use of this medication.
7. Amikacin is prescribed for a client with a bacterial infection. The nurse instructs the client to
contact the health care provider (HCP) immediately if which occurs?
1. Nausea
2. Lethargy
3. Hearing loss
4. Muscle aches
Correct answer: 3
Rationale: Amikacin is an aminoglycoside. Adverse effects of aminoglycosides include
ototoxicity (hearing problems), confusion, disorientation, gastrointestinal irritation, palpitations,
blood pressure changes, nephrotoxicity, and hypersensitivity. The nurse instructs the client to
report hearing loss to the HCP immediately. Lethargy and muscle aches are not associated with
the use of this medication. It is not necessary to contact the HCP immediately if nausea occurs.
If nausea persists or results in vomiting, the HCP should be notified.
, 8. The nurse is assigned to care for a client with cytomegalovirus retinitis and acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome who is receiving foscarnet, an antiviral medication. The nurse
should monitor the results of which laboratory study while the client is taking this medication?
1. CD4+ T cell count
2. Lymphocyte count
3. Serum albumin level
4. Serum creatinine level
Correct answer: 4
Rationale: Foscarnet is toxic to the kidneys. The serum creatinine level is monitored before
therapy, two or three times per week during induction therapy, and at least weekly during
maintenance therapy. Foscarnet also may cause decreased levels of calcium, magnesium,
phosphorus, and potassium. Thus, these levels also are measured with the same frequency.
9. A client who is human immunodeficiency virus seropositive has been taking stavudine. The
nurse should monitor which most closely while the client is taking this medication?
1. Gait
2. Appetite
3. Level of consciousness
4. Gastrointestinal function
Correct answer: 1
Rationale: Stavudine is an antiretroviral used to manage human immunodeficiency virus
infection in clients who do not respond to or who cannot tolerate conventional therapy. The
medication can cause peripheral neuropathy, and the nurse should monitor the client's gait
closely and ask the client about paresthesia. Options 2, 3, and 4 are unrelated to this
medication.
10. The client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and Pneumocystis jiroveci infection
has been receiving pentamidine. The client develops a temperature of 101°F (38.3°C). The nurse
continues to assess the client, knowing that this sign most likely indicates which condition?
1. That the dose of the medication is too low
2. That the client is experiencing toxic effects of the medication
3. That the client has developed inadequacy of thermoregulation
4. That the client has developed another infection caused by leukopenic effects of the
medication
Correct answer: 4
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