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NR222 Unit 1study guide

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NR222 Unit 1study guide

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  • February 10, 2022
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NR222 Unit 1study guide
Healthy People Documents
 Increased focus on being healthy and preventing diseases and less focus
on illness care
 Effort from the government, organizations, businesses, and people

Definition of Health
 "A complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the
absence of a disease of infirmity"
 Family health
 Community health
 Nurses find what "health" is for each patient since is varies person to
person
 Things that can impact health
o Environment
o Diet
o Lifestyle choices

Models of Health and Illness
 Health Beliefs - a person's ideas, convictions, and attitudes about health
and sickness
 Health beliefs usually impact health behaviors
 Positive health behaviors - vaccines, proper sleep, nutrition, exercise
 Negative health behaviors - drugs, alcohol, smoking, poor nutrition,
noncompliant with medications/orders

Health Belief Model
 Rosenstoch, Becker, Maiman
 Compares and contrasts person's belief and their behaviors
 Promotes better patient care by understanding what influences their
perceptions, beliefs, and behaviors
 Three Parts to the Health Belief Model
1. Individual Perceptions
o How susceptible the patient believes they are to getting the disease
2. Modifying Factors
o How serious the patient thinks the disease is
3. Likelihood of Action
o How likely the patient is to take action to prevent disease or get
better

Health Promotion Model
 Pender
 Believes health is a positive state and not just being disease free
 Directed to increase patients overall well-being

,  Three Parts of the Health Promotion Model
1. Individual Characteristics and Experiences
2. Behavior-Specific Knowledge and Affect
3. Behavioral Outcomes
 Each person was different characteristics and experiences that affect
the actions
 The end goal is to see the patient have health-promoting behavior

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
 Based on basic human needs
 Helps focus nurses on which patient needs help first
o Have to have the lower parts of the pyramid before the higher
 Physiological
o Food, shelter, sex, elimination
 Safety and Security
o Physical and psychological
 Love and Belonging
 Self-Esteem
 Self-Actualization

Holistic Health Models
 Emotional and spiritual well-being to be physically well
 Patients are the expert and believe their subjective data
 Patients are involved in process
 Uses meditation, music, reminiscence, relaxation techniques , guided
imagery
o May also use medicine with these techniques

Variables Influencing Health and Health Beliefs and Practices
Internal Variables
 Developmental Stage
o Young children - fear and anxiety when in hospital usually d/t lack of
information and knowledge
o Different ages are at different stages of development which easier
predicts their response to health and illness
 Intellectual Background
o Knowledge, education, traditions, and past experiences influence
how patients think about health
 Perception of Functioning
o Subjective data about their functioning
 Any SOB, fatigue, pain, etc.
o Then obtain objective data to match
 Wheezing, BP, etc.
 Emotional Factors
o Stress, depression, and fear
 Spiritual Factors

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