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NR 503 Week 5 Assignment: Infectious Disease Paper (Chickenpox) | 100% CORRECT

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Infectious Disease: Chickenpox Chamberlain College of Nursing NR503: Population Health Epidemiology and Statistical Principles Infectious Disease: Chickenpox Chickenpox, also known as varicella, is a highly contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). It is a self-limiting disease...

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  • February 2, 2022
  • 5
  • 2021/2022
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Running head: CHICKENPOX 1




Infectious Disease: Chickenpox

Chamberlain College of Nursing

NR503: Population Health Epidemiology and Statistical Principles




Infectious Disease: Chickenpox




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, CHICKENPOX 2




Chickenpox, also known as varicella, is a highly contagious disease caused by the

varicella-zoster virus (VZV). It is a self-limiting disease that presents during childhood, but can

cause severe illness and complications in adolescents and adults. When an individual is infected

by the varicella-zoster virus, blister-like rashes can easily develop on the face and stomach, and

then spread throughout the entire body. The virus remains dormant in the nerve cells, and may

reactivate in later adult years in the form of herpes zoster, or shingles. The infection develops

from either direct skin contact or respiratory airborne droplets from an exposed individual. Other

symptoms of chickenpox include fever, malaise, headache, and loss of appetite.

High risk people, such as infants, elderly, and those with weakened immune systems,

may have serious complications from chickenpox. These include bacterial skin infections,

pneumonia, sepsis, and encephalitis. The varicella vaccine is the safest and most effective way to

prevent chickenpox. Treatments such as calamine lotion, acetaminophen, and antiviral

medications, can help relieve symptoms of chickenpox. According to the CDC (2014),

chickenpox accounts for more than 9000 hospitalizations in the United States and 95% of

Americans had chickenpox before age 18. The highest prevalence of chickenpox is in the 4 to

10-year-old age group, with most cases occurring during the winter and spring. With the vaccine

introduced in 1995, the incidence of varicella has dramatically declined by 90% with 99%

reduction in the mortality rate in 2008-2011 compared with pre-vaccine years (Leung, Bialek, &

Marin, 2015).

Determinants of Health

There are a few determinants of health that contribute to the development of chickenpox,

including social, biology and genetics, and health services. One of the most important

determinants of health for people at risk for varicella is access to the vaccine. According to




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