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NR 499 Week 8 Discussion: Diagnosis – Premenstrual Syndrome (RATED A+) $10.99   Add to cart

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NR 499 Week 8 Discussion: Diagnosis – Premenstrual Syndrome (RATED A+)

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NR 499 Week 8 Discussion: Diagnosis – Premenstrual Syndrome (RATED A+)

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  • January 31, 2022
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  • 2021/2022
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Diagnosis: Premenstrual Syndrome


Physical
Signs and
Assessment
Pathophysiology Symptoms Pharmacologic
Findings
Summary Recommendations
(subjective)
(objective)

Premenstrual syndrome
Diagnosis #1: (PMS) is common in Patient will Review prior There is not a specific
Premenstrual childbearing females that complain of: history to treatment for PMS, it is
Syndrome experiences recurrent compare with individualized depending
variable physiological and  abdominal current findings. on each patient’s
psychological symptoms. distention/ symptoms, severity and/or
The symptoms occur bloating Assess underlying causes
approximately a week  irritability symptoms, contributing to PMS.
before the onset of menses  emotional physical/family
and usually subsides with lability health history to Medications:
the beginning of menses,  sleep determine 1) Hormonal therapy- to
which is tied with luteal disturbance/ predisposing reduce physical
phase of menstrual cycle. periodic factors and symptoms
The primary etiology is insomnia comorbidity.  Oral contraceptives
unclear, but through  depression (combined estrogen-
ongoing researches and/or anxiety Upon physical progesterone or
possible causes include:  headaches or assessment the progesterone only)
 serotonin deficiency migraines following was Mechanism of action:
 magnesium deficiency  fatigue, observed: prevention of ovulation;
 calcium deficiency lethargic
they inhibit follicular
 exaggerated emotional  light  water-weight
and physical responses development and prevent
headedness gain
to normal changes in  tension  breast ovulation that works at the
levels of reproductive  backaches swelling and hypothalamus to decrease
hormones  abnormal tenderness the pulse frequency of
 increased endorphins cramps  skin irritations gonadotropin releasing
 hypoprolactinemia  food craving (e.g. acne) hormone. This, in turn,
 alterations in the  bowel  swelling of will decrease the secretion
gamma-aminobutyric problems joints of follicle- stimulating
(GABA) system (diarrhea/  palpitations hormone (FSH) and
 cyclical changes in constipation) decreases the secretion of
estrogen and  mood swings Instruct patient luteinizing hormone (LH);
progesterone levels  decreased to keep a log of ability to inhibit sperm
(Schub and Schwartz, concentration the symptoms,
from penetrating through
2018) severity, onset,
the cervix and upper


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, There is a variety of  low libido duration and the genital tract by making the
underlying disorders that end point. Also, cervical mucous unfriendly
can exacerbate and/or to keep a record (Cooper & Mahdy, 2019)
trigger symptoms: of her monthly
 history of ovarian menstrual cycle. 2) Diuretics- reduce
problems (e.g. cysts) bloating and fluid
 hormonal balance Diagnostic buildup
 family history of PMS testing:  Spironolactone
 chronic stressors To rule out any
 history of psychological underlying Drug classification:
disorders (e.g. causes and/or potassium-sparing
depression or anxiety) trigger- diuretic
 stopping birth control  CBC Mechanism of action:
pills  BMP Acts directly on the distal
 migraines  Thyroid tubule of the kidneys
function Increases urinary excretion
Risk factors studies of sodium, water, chloride
There might not be a  Specific and calcium ions
specific known cause of hormonal Decreases excretion of
PMS but there are still level panel
potassium and hydrogen
several risk factors that (follicle-
play a major role: stimulating ions (Springhouse, 2004)
 younger age girls are hormone-  Hydrochlorothiazide
associated with more FSH) Drug classification:
severe symptoms  Pap smear to thiazide diuretic
 genetic predisposition screen for Mechanism of action:
 obesity cancerous or Works by preventing
 lack of exercise precancerous sodium reabsorption in the
 history of mood cervical kidneys
disorders (depression, changes that Sodium is excreted pulling
bipolar, anxiety) can aggravate water along with it and
 family history of PMS PMS increases excretion of
 smoking symptoms
chloride, potassium and
 psychological stressors  Pelvic exam to
bicarbonate (Springhouse,
screen for
As per Hofmeister and abnormalities 2004)
Bodden, the burden of the that can 3) Antidepressants- to
disease can be high and increase or reduce emotional
women with PMS have lead to PMS
symptoms and
higher rates of work symptoms
moderate to severe
absences, higher medical  Ultrasound to
expenses and lower assess mood changes
health-related quality of reproductive First line of treatment
life. When women system for any for severe symptoms of
experience severe possible PMS
symptoms that prevent problems  Fluoxetine; paroxetine



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