This summary is a in-depth and complete analysis and summary of the Independent Africa topic (Congo/Zaire, Tanzania and Angola case studies) as prescribed in the 2021 History SAGS. Part of the grade 12 IEB History syllabus - Topic 2.
Main focus was development of rural areas Made it easier for the state to provide infrastructure + Water, health and
education were centralised + Believed to be appropriate for Africa
Large collectivised villages were created - land was
communally owned, resources shared and leaders were
elected- COLLECTIVIASTION NEGATIVES
Nyerere hoped these villages would increase production People did not leave jobs + People did not know how to farm + Had to use
but people were hesitant to go to them because of new force to get people to go to rural areas (not extreme) + Not modern
way of life and lack of experience in farming areas enough for the world at the time
NYERERE’S
RURAL POLICIES
SOCIAL AND CULTURAL POLICIES
SOCIAL CHANGES Promoted use of Kiswahili Stressed need for basic
(Tanzanian official education in rural areas
Created high literacy rates United Tanzanians with different language) – THIS WAS TO
ethnicities = SUCCESSFUL NEATION UNITY THE OCUNTRY CREATED UNITY
Reduced infant mortality BUILDING
Left Tanzania largely untouched by tribal and political tensions
Proved politically Transport networks declined Industry and
unpopular banking were critical
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