Summary
Summary Biochemistry, ISBN: 9781000428070 Biochemistry (CHEL04A)
- Course
- Institution
- Book
Transcripts / notes of protein synthesis
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
More summaries for
-
Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis and Pentose phosphate shunt notes
-
Organic Chemistry
-
A test Of Proteins and Carbohydrates
Seller
Follow
piatoribio
Content preview
BiochemistryFIRST YEAR - FINAL TERM MRS. CECILIA VILLANUEVA 11/2021 - 01/2022
Protein Synthesis
DNA Replication
• DNA must be copied
• The DNA molecule produces 2 IDENTICAL
new complementary strands following the
rules of base pairing: A-T, G-C
• Each strand of the original DNA serves as
a template for the new strand.
• Semiconservative Model:
• Watson and Crick showed: the two strands of
the parental molecule separate, and each
functions as a template for synthesis of a new
complementary strand.
1. Why is replication necessary?
So, both new cells will have the correct DNA
2. When does replication occur?
During interphase (S phase).
3. Describe how replication works.
Enzymes unzip DNA and complementary
nucleotides join each original strand. Transcription & Translation
4. Use the complementary rule to create
the complementary strand:
A---T
G---C
C---G
T---A
A---T
G---C
A---T
G---C
C---G
A---T
, Biochemistry
FIRST YEAR - FINAL TERM MRS. CECILIA VILLANUEVA 11/2021 - 01/2022
Protein Synthesis
• DNA can “unzip” itself and RNA nucleotides • When RNA molecules are formed, both the
match up to the DNA strand. introns and the exons are copied from
• RNA molecules are produced by copying the DNA.
part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA into • introns are cut out of RNA molecules while
a complementary sequence in RNA they are still in the nucleus.
• required enzyme = RNA polymerase • exons are then spliced back together to
• RNA polymerase binds to DNA (in nucleus) form the final mRNA.
and separates the DNA strands
• RNA polymerase then uses one strand of
DNA as a template
• nucleotides are assembled into a strand of
mRNA
The Genetic Code
• Proteins = long chains of amino acids
(polypeptides)
• Polypeptide = combination of any or all
the 20 different amino acids
• properties of proteins are determined by
the order in which different amino acids are
joined together to produce polypeptides.
• The “language” of mRNA instructions is
called the genetic code
• RNA contains four different bases: A, U,
• C, and G
• Letters read “3” at a time = codon
• Codon = a group of three nucleotides on
messenger RNA that specify a
• particular amino acid.
Where does RNA start?
• enzyme will bind only to regions of DNA
known as promoters
• promoters are signals in DNA that indicate
to the enzyme where to bind to make RNA
(“start sequence”).
• Similar signals in DNA cause transcription
to stop when the new RNA molecule is
completed.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller piatoribio. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
72042 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now