It's about reproduction. Notes are provided in detail.
subtopics:
-15.1. Reproductive System Of Humans
-15.2. Gametogenesis In Humans
-15.3. Menstrual Cycle
-15.4. Development of Human Foetus
-15.5. Formation of Twins
-15.6. Health issues related to the Human Reproductive System
-15.7. Gro...
Chapter 15: Sexual - Releases sperm into a
female’s vagina during
Reproduction, copulation
Development and Urethra: A tube for the
Growth discharge of sperm and urine
from the body
15.1. Reproductive System Female reproductive system:
Of Humans
Uterus: - An organ with thick
Male reproductive system: muscular wall
- Inner wall of the uterus is
Seminal Vesicle: Secretes lined with endometrium
tissue, which secretes
fluid filled with nutrients for
mucus and is rich in blood
the sperm
vessels
Prostate Gland: Secretes a
- Embryo implants in the
fluid that helps in sperm
endometrium
movement
- The endometrial tissue
Sperm Duct: Sperm is
which is thick and rich in
transported through the blood vessels supplies the
sperm duct embryo with nutrients and
Scrotum: A sac-like oxygen
structure that holds and Fallopian Tube: - A thin,
protects the testis muscular tube
Testis: - Located within the -The inner wall is lined with
scrotum cilia
- Produces sperm and the - The action of the cilium,
male sex hormone, combined with the
testosterone peristalsis of the Fallopian
Penis: -Male sexual organ tube, helps in delivering the
that is rich in soft tissues and secondary oocyte or
blood vessels embryo to the uterus
1
, Ovary: The female - maintains diploid chromosomal
reproductive organ that number of zygote
produces ovum (plural:ova) - produces genetic variation in
offspring
and the female sex hormones,
which are oestrogen and Spermatogenesis:
progesterone
Vagina: A canal where 1. During Foetus development,
sperms enter, and also primordial germ cells divide
serves as a passage for birth mitotically to form spermatogonia.
and menstruation
Cervix: Narrow opening to
the uterus which secretes Each spermatogonium (2n) grows
mucus to help sperm swim up and develops into primary
to the Fallopian tubes spermatocyte (2n)
15.2. Gametogenesis In
Each primary spermatocyte (2n)
Humans divides by meiosis 1 to form two
secondary spermatocytes (n)
- Process of gamete
formation
- Spermatogenesis: sperm
formation Each secondary spermatocyte (n)
divides by meiosis ii to form two
- Oogenesis: ovum formation spermatids (n)
Necessity of
gametogenesis:
- produces gametes with haploid Each spermatid (n) undergoes
differentiation to form sperm (n)
chromosomal number through
meiosis
- produces genetic variation in
gametes
2
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