Test Bank for Comprehensive Radiographic Pathology 7th Edition by Eisenberg
Chapter 01: Introduction to Pathology
Eisenberg: Comprehensive Radiographic Pathology, 7th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A disease process caused by physicians or their treatment is:
a.
idiopathic.
b. ...
TEST BANK FOR COMPRE HENSIVE RADIOGRAPHIC PATHOLO GY 7TH EDITION BY EISENBERG Chapter 01: Int roduction to Pathology Eisenberg: Comp rehensive Radiographic Patholog y, 7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A disease process caused by physicians or their treatment is: a. idiopathic. b. iatrogenic. c. neoplasia. d. community acquired. ANS: B A disease process caused by physicians or their treatment is iatrogenic. 2. A basic reaction of the body to some form of injury is a: a. disease process. b. patholog y. c. study of diseases. d. idiopathic process. ANS: A A disease is the pattern of the body ’s response to some form of injur y. 3. What term is used to denote a disease in which the underlying cause is unknown? a. Idiopathic b. Antietiologic c. Iatrogenic d. Nosocomial ANS: A Idiopathic diseases are those with an unknown, or as of yet unidentified, cause. 4. Alterations of cell growth, specifically an abnormal proliferation of cells, is called: a. hyperplasia. b. dysplasia. c. neoplasia. d. aplasia. ANS: C Alterations in cell growth lead to the development of neoplasms (tumors). 5. The initial response of body tissues to local injury is: a. infection. b. ischemia. c. edema. d. inflammation. ANS: D Inflammation is the initial response of body tissues to local injur y. 6. Heat and redness associated with inflammation is produced by: a. hyperemia. b. scar tissue. c. hyperplasia. d. infarction. ANS: A Hyperemia produces the heat and redness associated with inflammation. 7. In an injur y, the destroyed tissue is replaced with: a. granulomatous inflammation. b. granulation tissue. c. phagocytes. d. pyogens. ANS: B A fibrous scar replaces the area of destroyed tissue with granulation tissue. Granulation tissue refers to a combination of young, developing capillaries and actively proliferating fibroblasts, which produce connective tissue fibers (collagen) that replace the dead tissue. 8. Of the five clinical signs of acute inflammation, the medical term for swelling is: a. edema. b. tumo r. c. calor. d. dolor. ANS: B The five clinical signs of acute inflammation are rubor (redness), calor (heat), tumor (swelling), dolor (pain), and loss of function. 9. Some bacterial o rganisms produce substances that cause damage to the tissue and incite the inflammatory process known as: a. toxoids. b. pyogens. c. toxins. d. abscesses. ANS: C Some bacterial o rganisms (such as staphylococci and streptococci) produce toxins that damage the tissues and incite an inflammatory response. 10. Chronic inflammation in a localized area, which often has centralized necrosis, is called: a. an exudate. b. a granuloma. c. an abscess. d. hyperplasia. ANS: B A granuloma is a localized area of chronic inflammation, often with central necrosis. 11. In acute inflammation, the localized heat and redness are a result of the: a. migration of circulating white blood cells. b. increased blood flow and vascular permeabilit y. c. regeneration of normal parenchymal cells. d. enzymatic digestion of dead cells. ANS: B The localized heat and redness result from increased blood flow in the microcirculation at the site of injur y. 12. In pyogenic infections, the body responds by producing a thick, yellow fluid called: a. bacteria. b. pus. c. edema. d. a sca r. ANS: B The presence of pyogenic bacteria leads to the production of a thick, yellow fluid called pus, which contains dead white blood cells, inflammatory exudates, and bacteria. 13. All pyogens have the ability to enter the blood circulation causing: a. bacteremia. b. phagocytosis. c. septicemia. d. keloid tissue. ANS: A All pyogens, wherever they become implanted, have the ability to invade blood vessels to produce bacteremia, with the potential involvement of other o rgans and tissues in the bod y. 14. Connective tissue fibers replacing dead tissue and then contracting in the abdomen are known as: a. keloids. b. suppurative inflammation. c. fibrous adhesions. d. hyperemia. ANS: C Eventually the strong connective tissue contracts to produce a fibrous sca r. In the abdomen, such fibrous adhesions can narrow loops of intestine and result in an obstruction. 15. An accumulation of abnormal amounts of fluid in the intercellular tissue throughout the body is called: a. bacteremia. b. elephantiasis. c. filariasis. d. anasarca. ANS: D Generalized edema occurs with pronounced swelling of subcutaneous tissues throughout the body (anasarca). 16. Localized is produced in an inflammatory reaction as a result of a fluid accumulation. a. filariasis b. edema c. elephantiasis d. fibrous adhesions ANS: B Edema is the accumulation of abnormal amounts of fluid in the intercellular tissue spaces or body cavities. Local ized edema results from an inflammatory reaction. 17. An inflammation associated with pus formation is: a. bacteremia. b. phagocytosis. c. suppurative. d. hyperemia. ANS: C Suppurative inflammation is associated with pus formation.
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