Summary ICT - IGCSE - Theory - Types and Components of a Computer System
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Course
Information Communication Technology
Institution
3
Book
IGCSE Information and Communication Technology
A basic summary of Chapter 1 - IGCSE ICT program, covering different types of hardware and software, types of computers, main components of a computer, and operating systems.
Chapter 1 - Types and Components of a Computer System
1.1 Hardware and Software
Hardware - physical components of a computer
Internal hardware - Hardware that is not visible from the outside
- Computer cannot operate without these
ex.
Motherboard act as a “hub” for other computer devices to connect
to
allows processor and other hardware to
communicate with each other
Random Access Memory internal chip where data is temporarily stored
(RAM)
Read-Only Memory memory used to store permanent information
(ROM) cannot be altered
Video Card allows computer to send graphical information to a
video display device
Sound Card provides computer with ability to produce
sound
, Internal Storage Devices
Internal hard disk drive Internal solid state
(HDD) drive (SSD)
one of the main has the same
method of storing data function as HDD
commonly used in
modern
computers and
tablets
External hardware - Hardware that is visible from the outside
- Computer can operate without these
ex. Keyboards, Mouse, Microphone, Headsets
Software - sets of instructions that tell the computer how to operate
Application software - Software that allows the user to do specific tasks
ex.
Word Processor create or manipulate word documents/texts
Database organize, manipulate and analyze data
Spreadsheet manipulate calculations and numerical data
Apps software that runs on mobile phones/tablets
Control/ Measuring uses sensors to manipulate physical factors in the
Software surrounding environment
Photo Editing Software manipulate photos
Video Editing Software manipulate videos
Graphics Manipulation manipulate bitmap and vector images
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