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Integrated Pest Management
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Lecture 27: INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT - HISTORY, PRINCIPLESAND STRATEGIES RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIFFERENT
COMPONENTS AND ECONOMICS
History of Integrated Pest Management
- Michelbacher and Bacon (1952) coined the term “integrated control”
- Stern et al. (1959) defined integrated control as “applied pest control which
combines and integrates biological and chemical control”
- Geier (1966) coined the term “pest management”
- Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ, 1972) gave the term “Integrated Pest
Management”
- Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO, 1967) defined IPM as “a pest
management system, that, in the context of associated environment and population
dynamics of the pest species, utilizes all suitable techniques and methods in as
compatible a manner as possible and maintains pest populations at levels below
those causing economic injury”
- In 1989, IPM Task Force was established and in 1990. IPM Working Group
(IPMWG) was constituted to strengthen implementation of IPM at international
level.
- In 1997, Smith and Adkisson were awarded the World Food Prize for pioneering
work on implementation of IPM.
Principles and strategies of Integrated Pest Management
I. Monitoring insect pests and natural enemies
Pest surveillance and forecasting are essential tools in IPM which help in
making management decision.
II. Concepts of injury levels
ETL (Economic threshold level) and EIL (Economic injury level) concepts are
followed to reduce the use of insecticide and their impact on environment.
III. Integration of pest control tactics
Proper choice of compatible tactics and blending them so that each component
complements the other.
The strategy of applying pest management tactics is similar to that of human
medicine.
i.e. Preventive practice
Curative practice
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