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Summary Stroke.docx II 2750C Stroke Taylor College Adult Health II 2750C Stroke A stroke is a medical emergency and is a sudden interruption in the blood supply of the brain. Most strokes caused by an abrupt blockage of arteries leading to the brain (The $7.49   Add to cart

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Summary Stroke.docx II 2750C Stroke Taylor College Adult Health II 2750C Stroke A stroke is a medical emergency and is a sudden interruption in the blood supply of the brain. Most strokes caused by an abrupt blockage of arteries leading to the brain (The

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S II 2750C Stroke Taylor College Adult Health II 2750C Stroke A stroke is a medical emergency and is a sudden interruption in the blood supply of the brain. Most strokes caused by an abrupt blockage of arteries leading to the brain (The internet stroke center, n.d.). This paper I will be ta...

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  • July 3, 2021
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II 2750C

Stroke
Taylor College

Adult Health II 2750C



Stroke

A stroke is a medical emergency and is a sudden interruption in the blood supply of the

brain. Most strokes caused by an abrupt blockage of arteries leading to the brain (The internet

stroke center, n.d.). This paper I will be talking about diagnosis, symptoms/causes, diagnostic

tests to diagnosis, current evidence-based treatments, nursing considerations, and core measures

that relate to the condition and evidence-based treatments that improve patient outcomes.

Strokes, also known as cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) or brain attacks, involve a

disruption in the cerebral blood flow secondary to ischemia, hemorrhage, brain attack, or

embolism (Holman et al., 2019). This means that there is either blood leaking into brain tissue, a

development of a clot in a cerebral artery, or an embolus traveling from another part of the body

to a cerebral artery (Holman et al., 2019).

Signs and symptoms of stroke include trouble speaking and understanding what others

are saying, paralysis or numbness of the face, arm or leg, problems seeing in one or both eyes,

headache, and trouble walking (Stroke, 2021). If you see some of these signs and symptoms,

think F.A.S.T.; Face droop, able to raise arms, slurred speech, time to call 911 as soon as you

observe any of these signs (Stroke, 2021). Some of the causes include: uncontrolled high blood

pressure; overtreatment with blood thinners; bulges at weak spots in the blood vessel walls;

trauma; protein deposits in blood vessel walls that lead to weakness in the vessel wall; ischemic

stroke leading to hemorrhage; being overweight or obese; physical inactivity; heavy or binge

drinking; use of illegal drugs such as cocaine and methamphetamine; cigarette smoking or

secondhand smoke exposure; high cholesterol; diabetes; obstructive sleep apnea; cardiovascular

disease including heart failure, heart defects, heart infection or abnormal heart rhythm such as

, atrial fibrillation; personal or family history of stroke, heart attack or transient ischemic attack;

and COVID-19 infection (Stroke, 2021).

Once getting to the hospital, the emergency team will try to determine what type of stroke

they are having. There will be scans and tests that the hospital will do to determine possible rule

outs such as brain tumor or drug reaction (Stroke, 2021). Some of the tests include: a physical

exam, listening to the heart, checking the blood pressure, and doing a neurological exam; blood

tests, to check how fast the blood clots, checking the blood sugar to see if it is too high or too

low, and checking to see if there is an infection; computerized tomography (CT) scan, can show

a bleed in the brain, an ischemic stroke, a tumor or other conditions; magnetic resonance imaging

(MRI), getting a detailed view of the brain which can detect brain tissue damaged by an ischemic

stroke and brain hemorrhages; carotid ultrasound, sound waves create detailed images of the

inside of the carotid arteries in the neck which shows buildup of fatty deposits and blood flow;

cerebral angiogram, inserting a thin, flexible catheter through a small incision, usually in the

groin, and guides it through the major arteries and into the carotid or vertebral artery;

echocardiogram, can find a source of clots in the heart that may have traveled from the heart to

the brain (Stroke, 2021).

During the treatment process, it will depend on what kind of stroke they are having,

ischemic or hemorrhagic, in order to properly treat the patient. During an ischemic stroke,

emergency IV medication will be given within the first 4.5 hours from when symptoms first

started (Stroke, 2021). In this time, tPA is the best treatment for ischemic stroke in the first three

to 4.5 hours after stroke symptoms started (Stroke, 2021). Doctors can also deliver medications

directly to the brain, by inserting a long, thin catheter through an artery in the groin and thread it

to the brain to deliver tPA; or remove a clot with a stent retriever, by using a device attached to a

catheter to remove a clot from a blocked blood vessel in the brain (Stroke, 2021). Other

procedures may include a carotid endarterectomy, where the doctor removes plaque blocking a

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