Summary
BBS2051 - Summary Biorythms in Homeostasis
- Course
- Institution
A complete and clear summary with all the necessary details for the exam.
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
MasterstudentUM
Reviews received
Content preview
23/06/2021Course BBS2051
Pluis, CMH
Pluis, CMH 1
Introduction to homeostatic
mechanisms (Lecture 1)
• Homeostasis is the ability to maintain a (relatively)
constant internal environment (despite external and
internal changes)
• Internal changes causes a loss of homeostasis
• The body attempts to compensate this change
• If it succeeds, there is wellness
• If it fails, there is disease or death
• Maintaining homeostasis is key to maintain the body’s
overall functioning
Pluis, CMH 2
1
, 23/06/2021
Introduction to homeostatic
mechanisms (Lecture 1)
• Standard layout:
• A stimulus is detected by a sensor
• Sensor compares and communicates with control
• Control senses the effector to respond
Pluis, CMH 3
Introduction to homeostatic
mechanisms (Lecture 1)
• Example
• A decrease in blood glucose
levels stimulates the release
of glucagon by the pancreas
(alpha cells). Glucagon
breaks (stored) glycogen in
the liver (and a bit in
skeletal muscle) tissue down
into glucose
• An increase in blood glucose
levels stimulates the release
of insulin by the pancreas
(beta cells). Insulin converts
glucose into glycogen to be
stored
Pluis, CMH 4
2
, 23/06/2021
Introduction to homeostatic
mechanisms (Lecture 1)
• However, not all physiological pathways need a
stimulus (e.g. a decrease or increase in blood
glucose levels).
• Some hormones are secreted continuously during
the day: they rise and fall in concentration
• These physiological functions that change over a
time are examples of biological rhythms
• The circadian rhythm is an example of a biological
rhythm
• It is composed of a central peacemaker in the
hypothalamus and peripheral clocks in the brain
and other body tissues. There is a communication
between these clocks.
Pluis, CMH 5
Introduction to homeostatic
mechanisms (Lecture 1)
• There are two ways for communication and regulation:
• 1. Neuronal: the nervous system monitors, responds
and regulates
• 2. Hormonal: the endocrine system regulates and
maintains by synthesizing and releasing chemical
messengers: hormones
• In addition to input and output signals, biological
homeostasis is also influenced by our environment, our
behaviour and the decisions that we make on a daily
basis.
Pluis, CMH 6
3
, 23/06/2021
Introduction to regulation and feedback
mechanisms in homeostasis (Lecture 2)
• There is a neuro-endocrine control of
homeostasis
• Of which, the interaction between the
hypothalamus with the cortex and the
brainstem can be highlighted
• Control systems: autonomic nervous system
(ANS) and endocrine system
• Systems involved in maintaining
homeostasis: autonomic nervous system
(ANS), endocrine system, cardiovascular,
pulmonary etc.
Pluis, CMH 7
Introduction to regulation and feedback
mechanisms in homeostasis (Lecture 2)
• Pain (sensory input (feedback from body))
• Parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system play a role
Pluis, CMH 8
4
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller MasterstudentUM. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.04. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75632 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now