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GIZMOS: Student Exploration: Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium, Question Answers (Version 5)
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GIZMOS: Student Exploration: Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium, Question Answers (Version 5)
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Name: Steven Maldonado Date: May 2, 2017Student Exploration: Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
Vocabulary: allele, genotype, Hardy-Weinberg equation, Hardy-Weinberg principle,
heterozygous, homozygous, Punnett square
Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.)
Suppose the feather color of a bird is controlled by two alleles, D and d. The D allele results in
dark feathers, while the d allele results in lighter feathers.
1. Suppose two Dd birds mate. What percentages of DD, Dd, and dd
offspring would you predict? Use the Punnett square at right to
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help determine your answer.
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DD: 25% Dd: 50% dd: 25%
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2. In this situation, what ratio of heterozygous (Dd) to homozygous (DD and dd) offspring
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would you expect to find? 1:1 ratio of heterozygous (Dd) to homozygous (DD and dd).
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Gizmo Warm-up
Many factors—immigration, natural selection, hunting, and
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so forth—can influence the composition of a population. To
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determine if one of these factors is affecting a population, it
is useful to know what a population looks like when none
of these factors is present.
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In 1908, Godfrey Hardy and Wilhelm Weinberg independently discovered the laws that govern
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such populations. These laws can be explored in the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Gizmo™.
1. The parrots you see on the SIMULATION pane represent a larger population of 500 parrots.
Select the TABLE tab. How many parrots of each genotype are in the initial population?
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DD: 250 parrots Dd: 100 parrots dd: 150 parrots
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2. Return to the DESCRIPTION tab. Click Begin, and then click Breed. What happens?
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The birds reproduce, making eggs.
3. Click Hatch, and look on the TABLE tab. What are the parrot populations now?
DD: 178 Dd: 248 dd: 78
This study source was downloaded by 100000809733538 from CourseHero.com on 05-13-2021 18:21:15 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/30570427/HardyWeinbergSE-2pdf/
, Activity A: Get the Gizmo ready:
Alleles and • On the DESCRIPTION tab, click Reset.
genotypes • Check that DD is 50% and dd is 30%.
Question: How will the proportion of genotypes and alleles change over time when
mating is random and no natural selection is occurring?
1. Predict: How do you expect the proportions of D and d alleles to change over time?
I expect there to be a change from homozygous making the overall population of the
heterozygous parrots increase (Dd).
2. Gather data: Run a generation in the Gizmo. After clicking Hatch, fill in the allele and
genotype percentages for generation 1. Repeat this process for 5 generations.
Initial Generation
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values
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1 2 3 4 5
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% D alleles 60 59 59.3 57.5 59.1 59.7
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% d alleles 40 41 40.7 42.5 40.9 40.3
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% of DD genotype 50 35.6 36.6 33.6 35.2 35.6
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% of Dd genotype 20 46.8 45.4 47.8 47.8 48.2
% of dd genotype 30 17.6 18.0 18.6 17.0 16.2
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3. Analyze: What patterns do you see in your data? The pattern is a decrease in the
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percentage of D alleles, an overall increase in the percentage of d alleles, major decrease in
the percentage of the DD genotype, major increase in the percentage of the Dd genotype,
decrease in the percentage of the dd genotype.
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4. Interpret: Select the ALLELE GRAPH tab. What does this graph show? This graph shows
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the allele percentage throughout each of the generations, showing both the percentage of D
alleles and d alleles expressed in two different colors.
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5. Interpret: Select the GENOTYPE GRAPH tab. What does this graph show? The genotype
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graph shows the genotype percentage, giving all three types of possible genotypes DD
genotypes, Dd genotypes, and dd genotypes.
(Activity A continued on next page)
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This study source was downloaded by 100000809733538 from CourseHero.com on 05-13-2021 18:21:15 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/30570427/HardyWeinbergSE-2pdf/
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