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MATTER & ITS PROPERTIES HANDOUTS
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This document will contain information about MATTER & ITS PROPERTIES in compliance with the new K-12 Curriculum.
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SUBJECT: GENERAL CHEMISTRY 1LESSON: MATTER AND ITS PROPERTIES
All MATTER is made up of extremely particles called ATOMS.
DEMOCRITUS has a greatest contribution to modern science. He said that everything is
composed of atoms.
ATOM is the basic unit of matter and the defining structure of elements came from the greek
word “atomos” which means indivisible because it was once thought that atoms were the
smallest things in the universe and could not be divided.
ATOM has 3 subatomic particles: PROTONS (+) NEUTRONS (0) ELECTRONS (-)
3 states of matter: SOLID, LIQUID, GAS
SOLID Particles are tightly packed/ closedly packed
Atoms are vibrating because they have fixed position
Have definite shape and volume
LIQUID Particles are tightly packed but far enough apart to slide over one another (can flow)
Have INDEFINITE SHAPE
Have DEFINITE VOLUME
Take the shape of the container
GAS Particles are very far apart
Move freely and have a lot of energy
Have INDEFINITE shape and volume
PHASE CHANGE is a process by which we can change one state of matter into another.
Melting, vaporization and sublimation are examples of ENDOTHERMIC PROCESSES because
they need to absorb heat to occur.
Freezing, condensation and deposition are examples of EXOTHERMIC PROCESSES because they
release energy to occur.
TYPES OF PHYSICAL PROPERTYOF MATTER
PHYSICAL PROPERTY
CHEMICAL PROPERTY
EXTENSIVE PROPERTY
INTENSIVE PROPERTY
PHYSICAL PROPERTY CHEMICAL PROPERTY
*Characteristics that don’t change the *Characteristics that change the substance
substance (A new substance)
(No new substance)
TYPES: TYPES:
Solubility, density, mass, weight, volume, Flammable, explosive,corrosive
color, malleable
EXTENSIVE PROPERTY INTENSIVE PROPERTY
*depends on sample size *does not depend on the quantity of matter
Examples include volume, mass, and size. Examples include boiling point, density,
color, temperature
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