nutritional principles in nursing latest rasmussen college
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Nutrition Exam 1
1. What nutrients are the primary source of energy for the body? Carbohydrates
2. What is the fuel factor for the macronutrients? 4 kcal/g carbohydrates, 9 kcal/g fats, 4 kcal/g
proteins
3. How is food energy measured? Kcalories
4. When macronutrient end products of digestion are ready for absorption there are three
primary end products. What are they? Carbohydrates (glucose), Fats (lipids/fatty acids), &
Proteins (amino acids)
5. Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are the components of what macronutrients? Carbohydrates,
fats, and proteins
6. The three major components of the Dietary Reference Index are: Recommended Dietary
allowance (RDA), the adequate intake (AI), the tolerable upper intake level (UL), and the
estimated average requirement (EAR)
7. Which component of the DRI looks at the average daily dietary nutrient intake level that is
sufficient to meet the nutrient requirements of nearly all healthy individuals in a particular
life stage and gender group? Recommended Daily Allowance
8. Identify the term for the highest level of nutrient that can be consumed? Tolerable Upper
Intake Level (UL)
9. DRI provide reference values for use in planning and evaluating diets for which group of
people? Healthy people
10. What is the total dietary kcal intake for each macronutrient during pregnancy? Pg. 250
11. What is the AMDR for protein? 10% to 35% of total kcalories
12. What is the primary plasma protein? Albumin
13. What is the primary function of protein in the body? Tissue building
14. What is an example of a complete protein? Eggs, meat, milk, cheese (animal based foods)
15. What are the building blocks of protein? Amino acids
16. When kidney function declines which macronutrient may be reduced to minimize the
excretion of urea? proteins
17. What is the RDA minimum for carbs? 130 g/day
18. What is the AMDR for carbs? 45% to 65% of total kcalories
19. What is the minimum recommended amount of carbs needed to prevent fatigue, dehydration,
and energy loss? 45%
20. 1 carb serving size is equal to how many grams of carbs? 15g
21. What is the purpose of salivary amylase? Breaks down starch
22. What is the sugar that all carbs are converted to for transport in the blood? Glucose
23. Which nutrient is the body’s preferred energy source? Carbohydrates
24. What is the AMDR for lipids? 20% to 35% of total kcalories
25. Which fats can lower LDL cholesterol and decrease the risk of heart disease? Unsaturated
fats
26. Lipids are more or less complex than carbs? More
27. What fats are found only in the body if consumed and use hydrogenation to make margarine
from polyunsaturated oils? Trans fatty acids
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