Summary notes for CIE IGCSE Chemistry Topic 13: Carbonates
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Course
Chemistry
Institution
GCSE
Complete revision notes for Topic 13 of the CIE IGCSE Chemistry course: Carbonates. Explanations with diagrams for every specification point. These notes are written for candidates taking the Extended paper.
Describe the manufacture of lime (calcium oxide) from calcium carbonate (limestone) in
terms of thermal decomposition
Limestone consists mainly of calcium carbonate: CaCO 3
Lime, which is calcium oxide, is manufactured from calcium carbonate by thermal
decomposition:
CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
Name some uses of lime and slaked lime such as in treating acidic soil and neutralising acidic
industrial waste products, e.g. flue gas desulphurisation
Slaked lime, calcium hydroxide, is made by adding a small amount of water slowly to
calcium oxide:
CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2
Limewater is a solution of calcium hydroxide in water – hence it is alkaline.
The addition of carbon dioxide to calcium hydroxide produces the initial starting material,
calcium carbonate:
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 → CaCO3 + H2O
This reaction is the basis of the standard chemical test for CO 2:
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