nsg5003 midterm exam study guide nsg 5003 midterm exam study guide latest 2021 advanced pathophysiology south university
Written for
South University
NSG5003
All documents for this subject (120)
Seller
Follow
TRUSTEDTUTOR
Reviews received
Content preview
NSG 5003 Midterm Exam Study Guide
Form of necrosis a/w TB? Caseous
Most common cause of cellular injury? Hypoxia
Acid- pH <7.35 Base- pH >7.45
Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria. Oxidative phosphorylation is the
mechanism by which energy produced from carbs fats, and proteins is transferred to ATP.
Hypotonic solution causes cellular swelling- D5W (dextrose in water), D51/2NS (5% dextrose
and 0.45%NS), 1/2NS (0.45%NS), D51/4NS( 5% dextrose and 0.2%NS), 1/4NS (0.2%NS)
Heat exhaustion- hemoconcentration from water and salt loss
Water moves between the ICF and ECF compartments by osmosis. Water moves between the
plasma and interstitial fluid by osmosis and hydrostatic pressure, which can occur across the
capillary membrane.
Hypokalemia- potassium <3.5 can be caused by reduced K+ intake, increased ICF to ECF K+
concentration, loss of K+, increased aldosterone secretion and increased renal secretion. S/S:
decreased neuromuscular excitability, skeletal muscle weakness, smooth muscle atony, cardiac
dysrhythmias.
Greatest carrier to push K+ back into the cell? Insulin
Hypernatremia- Na+ > 147, can be caused by sodium gain or water loss. Movement of H20
from ICF to ECF. S/S: dehydration, convulsions, pulmonary edema, hypotension, tachycardia.
TX: Isotonic salt-free fluids
, Hyponatremia- Na+ < 135, can be caused by Na+ deficits leading to plasma hypoosmolality
and cellular swelling. S/S: lethargy, HA, confusion, apprehension, seizures, and coma. TX: fluid
restriction, NaCl tablets
Vascular injury is an acute inflammation that includes, vasodilation, increased capillary
permeability, and WBC adherence to inner vessel walls and their migration through vessel walls.
S/S/: redness, heat, swelling, and pain
Neutrophils are the predominant phagocytes in the early inflammatory site, arriving within 6 to
12 hours after the initial injury, where they ingest (phagocytose) bacteria, dead cells, and cellular
debris.
Another population of granulocytes is the eosinophil. Eosinophils have two specific functions:
(1) they serve as the body’s primary defense against parasites and (2) they help regulate vascular
mediators released from mast cells. The second function, regulation of mast cell–derived
inflammatory mediators, is a critical function of eosinophils.
The basophil is the least prevalent granulocyte in the blood. It is very similar to mast cells in the
content of its granules and, in addition, is an important source of the cytokine IL-4, which is a
key regulator of the adaptive immune response. Although often associated with allergies and
asthma, its primary role is yet unknown.
The monocyte/macrophage is the predominant phagocyte in the late inflammatory response, is
highly phagocytic, is responsive to cytokines, and promotes wound healing.
Which statement is true regarding generation of clonal diversity? It occurs in primary lymphoid
organs
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller TRUSTEDTUTOR. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $20.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
