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PASS the CCRN Questions and Correct Answers | Latest Update
PASS the CCRN Questions and Correct Answers | Latest Update
[Show more]PASS the CCRN Questions and Correct Answers | Latest Update
[Show more]ADULT CCRN/PCCN CERTIFICATION 
PRACTICE EXAM | QUESTIONS & 
ANSWERS (VERIFIED) | LATEST 
UPDATE | GRADED A+ 
One day following posterior spinal fusion surgery a 35 year old female suddenly exhibits 
restlessness, labored breathing and acute chest pain. Her heart rate is 122/min., she is 
afebri...
Preview 3 out of 24 pages
Add to cartADULT CCRN/PCCN CERTIFICATION 
PRACTICE EXAM | QUESTIONS & 
ANSWERS (VERIFIED) | LATEST 
UPDATE | GRADED A+ 
One day following posterior spinal fusion surgery a 35 year old female suddenly exhibits 
restlessness, labored breathing and acute chest pain. Her heart rate is 122/min., she is 
afebri...
Which of the following would be the earliest auscultatory finding in left ventricular 
failure (LVF)? 
A. Crackles 
B. S3 
C. Murmur of mitral regurgitation 
D. Pericardial friction rub 
Ans: B. S3 
LVF would be the most subtle because early changes are usually subtle changes. 
Choose "S3." 
A p...
Preview 4 out of 116 pages
Add to cartWhich of the following would be the earliest auscultatory finding in left ventricular 
failure (LVF)? 
A. Crackles 
B. S3 
C. Murmur of mitral regurgitation 
D. Pericardial friction rub 
Ans: B. S3 
LVF would be the most subtle because early changes are usually subtle changes. 
Choose "S3." 
A p...
The nurse is caring for a patient with acute inferior wall MI, post-coronary artery stent 
deployment. For optimal care of the patient, the nurse should: 
a) administer an analgesic for acute back pain 
b) Apply pressure dressing to groin 
c) Continuously monitor the patient in lead II 
d) Maintain...
Preview 4 out of 39 pages
Add to cartThe nurse is caring for a patient with acute inferior wall MI, post-coronary artery stent 
deployment. For optimal care of the patient, the nurse should: 
a) administer an analgesic for acute back pain 
b) Apply pressure dressing to groin 
c) Continuously monitor the patient in lead II 
d) Maintain...
Cranial nerves 
 -:- All arise from the brain stem *except* I and II which arise from 
above the brain stem 
Cranial nerve I 
 -:- *Olfactory* 
 -Smell, often associated with a *basilar skull fracture* 
Cranial nerve II 
 -:- *Optic* 
-Sight *NOT* pupil reaction 
Cranial nerve III 
 -:- *Oculomotor...
Preview 4 out of 58 pages
Add to cartCranial nerves 
 -:- All arise from the brain stem *except* I and II which arise from 
above the brain stem 
Cranial nerve I 
 -:- *Olfactory* 
 -Smell, often associated with a *basilar skull fracture* 
Cranial nerve II 
 -:- *Optic* 
-Sight *NOT* pupil reaction 
Cranial nerve III 
 -:- *Oculomotor...
Phenytoin inhibits _______ secretion 
 -:- ADH 
Most episodes of aspiration result in (right/left) lung infiltrates. 
 -:- Right 
Best indicator of GFR 
 -:- urine creatinine clearance 
In a vented patient with status asthmaticus, check for _______________ 
 -:- Auto-PEEP 
An increase in auto-PEEP i...
Preview 4 out of 65 pages
Add to cartPhenytoin inhibits _______ secretion 
 -:- ADH 
Most episodes of aspiration result in (right/left) lung infiltrates. 
 -:- Right 
Best indicator of GFR 
 -:- urine creatinine clearance 
In a vented patient with status asthmaticus, check for _______________ 
 -:- Auto-PEEP 
An increase in auto-PEEP i...
S3 occurs where and when? 
 -:- heard best at the apex of the heart right after S2 
what is S3 associated with? 
 -:- Heart failure, Pulmonary hypertension, cor pulmonale, and 
mitral/aortic/tricuspid insufficiency 
what is S3? 
 -:- rapid rush of blood into a dilated ventricle 
what is S4? 
 -:- a...
Preview 4 out of 43 pages
Add to cartS3 occurs where and when? 
 -:- heard best at the apex of the heart right after S2 
what is S3 associated with? 
 -:- Heart failure, Pulmonary hypertension, cor pulmonale, and 
mitral/aortic/tricuspid insufficiency 
what is S3? 
 -:- rapid rush of blood into a dilated ventricle 
what is S4? 
 -:- a...
A patient is in cardiac and respiratory arrest. The selection of medications to reestablish 
cardiac function would stimulate the sympathetic nervous system beta1 receptors. This 
stimulation would result in increased automaticity and which of the 
following? 
a. Increased myocardial contractility...
Preview 4 out of 44 pages
Add to cartA patient is in cardiac and respiratory arrest. The selection of medications to reestablish 
cardiac function would stimulate the sympathetic nervous system beta1 receptors. This 
stimulation would result in increased automaticity and which of the 
following? 
a. Increased myocardial contractility...
The patient has a right, mid and lower lobe pneumonia. Which of the following is an 
appropriate intervention for the patient? 
A) Provide fluids and expectorants 
B) Maintain in supine positions 
C) Hold enteral nutrition 
D) Avoid turning to the right side 
 -:- D) Avoid turning to the right side...
Preview 3 out of 21 pages
Add to cartThe patient has a right, mid and lower lobe pneumonia. Which of the following is an 
appropriate intervention for the patient? 
A) Provide fluids and expectorants 
B) Maintain in supine positions 
C) Hold enteral nutrition 
D) Avoid turning to the right side 
 -:- D) Avoid turning to the right side...
The nurse is caring for a patient with acute inferior wall MI, post-coronary artery stent 
deployment, For optimal care of the patient, the nurse should: 
 -:- Continuously monitor the patient in lead II 
It is best practice to monitor the patient status post PCI with stent, in the lead that was 
...
Preview 4 out of 62 pages
Add to cartThe nurse is caring for a patient with acute inferior wall MI, post-coronary artery stent 
deployment, For optimal care of the patient, the nurse should: 
 -:- Continuously monitor the patient in lead II 
It is best practice to monitor the patient status post PCI with stent, in the lead that was 
...
S3 heard sound 
 -:- fluid overload 
s4 heart sound 
 -:- artium contract into noncompliant ventricle 
LV failure. 
A split heart sound is heard best during ___ 
 -:- inspiration 
Mitral Insufficiency is a ___ murmur located at the ____ ICS 
 -:- systolic 
5th 
A patient with mitral insufficiency is...
Preview 2 out of 8 pages
Add to cartS3 heard sound 
 -:- fluid overload 
s4 heart sound 
 -:- artium contract into noncompliant ventricle 
LV failure. 
A split heart sound is heard best during ___ 
 -:- inspiration 
Mitral Insufficiency is a ___ murmur located at the ____ ICS 
 -:- systolic 
5th 
A patient with mitral insufficiency is...
all cranial nerves arise from ____ except cranial nervers ____ and ____ which arise from 
____ 
 -:- the brain stem 
 cranial nerves I and II 
 above the brain stem 
blood supply to the brain includes the ___ and ___ 
 -:- basal vertebral (supplies lower areas, brain stem) 
 carotids (supply upper ...
Preview 3 out of 26 pages
Add to cartall cranial nerves arise from ____ except cranial nervers ____ and ____ which arise from 
____ 
 -:- the brain stem 
 cranial nerves I and II 
 above the brain stem 
blood supply to the brain includes the ___ and ___ 
 -:- basal vertebral (supplies lower areas, brain stem) 
 carotids (supply upper ...
Upon your assessment of your patient, who has pancreatitis, you find the following values: 
temp 37.1C, BP 98/64, HR 110, RR 28, SpO2 88% on 2L NC. 
Her labs are WBC 19,000, Hgb 8.9, HCT 39%, Na 144, K 3.1, Ca 7.7, and glucose 224. 
Your remaining assessment reveals LLL crackles of the lungs and he...
Preview 3 out of 26 pages
Add to cartUpon your assessment of your patient, who has pancreatitis, you find the following values: 
temp 37.1C, BP 98/64, HR 110, RR 28, SpO2 88% on 2L NC. 
Her labs are WBC 19,000, Hgb 8.9, HCT 39%, Na 144, K 3.1, Ca 7.7, and glucose 224. 
Your remaining assessment reveals LLL crackles of the lungs and he...
Cardiogenic shock: 
A. BP 96/54, CI 1.8, PAP 54/26, PAOP 10 
B. BP 84/52, CI 1.9, PAP 32/18, PAOP 12 
C. BP 82/48, CI 1.8, PAP 48/28, PAOP 18 
D. BP 86/46, CI 2.0, PAP 28/14, PAOP 12 
 -:- C. BP 82/48, CI 1.8, PAP 48/28, PAOP 18 
Following anterior wall MI, pt develops dysfunction of papillary muscl...
Preview 4 out of 38 pages
Add to cartCardiogenic shock: 
A. BP 96/54, CI 1.8, PAP 54/26, PAOP 10 
B. BP 84/52, CI 1.9, PAP 32/18, PAOP 12 
C. BP 82/48, CI 1.8, PAP 48/28, PAOP 18 
D. BP 86/46, CI 2.0, PAP 28/14, PAOP 12 
 -:- C. BP 82/48, CI 1.8, PAP 48/28, PAOP 18 
Following anterior wall MI, pt develops dysfunction of papillary muscl...
What are the 3 stages of shock? 
 -:- 1. Compensatory 
 2. Progressive 
 3. Refractory/Irreversible 
Compensatory stage of shock 
 -:- Shock symptoms start to set in, but blood pressure is MAINTAINED 
through the sympathetic nervous system response 
Symptoms of compensatory shock 
 -:- Tachycardia ...
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Add to cartWhat are the 3 stages of shock? 
 -:- 1. Compensatory 
 2. Progressive 
 3. Refractory/Irreversible 
Compensatory stage of shock 
 -:- Shock symptoms start to set in, but blood pressure is MAINTAINED 
through the sympathetic nervous system response 
Symptoms of compensatory shock 
 -:- Tachycardia ...
A deformation is a(n) 
 -:- abnormality caused by unusual mechanical forces on normal tissue. 
A low birth weight infant's temperature increases during skin-to-skin care. This is an 
example of heat transfer by 
 -:- conduction. 
At the onset of labor the release of catecholamines stimulates 
 -:-...
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Add to cartA deformation is a(n) 
 -:- abnormality caused by unusual mechanical forces on normal tissue. 
A low birth weight infant's temperature increases during skin-to-skin care. This is an 
example of heat transfer by 
 -:- conduction. 
At the onset of labor the release of catecholamines stimulates 
 -:-...
A 52-year-old man returns to the hospital 2 weeks after being discharged from an 
admission for upper gastrointestinal bleed. He has been vomiting bright red blood for the 
past 24 hours. Laboratory parameters reveal a hemoglobin of 6 g/dL and a hematocrit of 
20%. Vital signs are blood pressure ...
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Add to cartA 52-year-old man returns to the hospital 2 weeks after being discharged from an 
admission for upper gastrointestinal bleed. He has been vomiting bright red blood for the 
past 24 hours. Laboratory parameters reveal a hemoglobin of 6 g/dL and a hematocrit of 
20%. Vital signs are blood pressure ...
measure of the number of particles in a solution; expressed as milliosmoles 
 -:- serum osmolality (osmolality of body fluids) 
what is the normal osmolality of body fluids? 
 -:- 275-295 mOsm/kg 
 (hypo-osmolar <275 
 hyper-osmolar >295) 
true or false: 
cell membranes are permeable to water,...
Preview 3 out of 22 pages
Add to cartmeasure of the number of particles in a solution; expressed as milliosmoles 
 -:- serum osmolality (osmolality of body fluids) 
what is the normal osmolality of body fluids? 
 -:- 275-295 mOsm/kg 
 (hypo-osmolar <275 
 hyper-osmolar >295) 
true or false: 
cell membranes are permeable to water,...
Heart rate (HR) 
 -:- 60-100 beats/min 
Mean arterial pressure (MAP) 
 -:- 70-105 mmHg 
Cardiac output (CO) 
 -:- 4-5 L/min 
Cardiac index (CI) 
 -:- 2.5-4.5 L/min/m2 
Stroke volume (SV) 
 -:- 50-100 ml/beat 
Stroke index (SI) 
2 | P a g e | G r a d e A + | 2 0 2 4 / 2 0 2 5 
 
Excel! 2 0 2 4 /2025...
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Add to cartHeart rate (HR) 
 -:- 60-100 beats/min 
Mean arterial pressure (MAP) 
 -:- 70-105 mmHg 
Cardiac output (CO) 
 -:- 4-5 L/min 
Cardiac index (CI) 
 -:- 2.5-4.5 L/min/m2 
Stroke volume (SV) 
 -:- 50-100 ml/beat 
Stroke index (SI) 
2 | P a g e | G r a d e A + | 2 0 2 4 / 2 0 2 5 
 
Excel! 2 0 2 4 /2025...
Heart rate x stroke volume =? 
 -:- cardiac output 
Stroke volume is dependent on what three concepts? 
 -:- preload, contractility, and after load 
PAOP is a measure of which ventricle? 
 -:- left 
CVP and PAOP are a measure of preload or after load? 
 -:- preload 
SVR measures which ventricle? 
 -...
Preview 2 out of 13 pages
Add to cartHeart rate x stroke volume =? 
 -:- cardiac output 
Stroke volume is dependent on what three concepts? 
 -:- preload, contractility, and after load 
PAOP is a measure of which ventricle? 
 -:- left 
CVP and PAOP are a measure of preload or after load? 
 -:- preload 
SVR measures which ventricle? 
 -...
The Skin 
 -:- The largest organ system 
 Comprises 10-15% of body weight 
 receives 1/3 of circulating blood volume 
 Primary functions: protective barrier, water balance, body temperature 
control. 
Pressure Injury 
 -:- A localized injury to the skin that usually occurs over a bony 
prominence ...
Preview 2 out of 6 pages
Add to cartThe Skin 
 -:- The largest organ system 
 Comprises 10-15% of body weight 
 receives 1/3 of circulating blood volume 
 Primary functions: protective barrier, water balance, body temperature 
control. 
Pressure Injury 
 -:- A localized injury to the skin that usually occurs over a bony 
prominence ...
What is one of the key clinical differences between acute and chronic hepatic failure? 
 -:- Acute there will not be portal hypertension 
What is the most common cause of acute hepatic failure? 
 -:- DILI (drug-induced)- most commonly by acetaminophen 
Labs indicative of acute hepatic failure: 
1.) ...
Preview 1 out of 4 pages
Add to cartWhat is one of the key clinical differences between acute and chronic hepatic failure? 
 -:- Acute there will not be portal hypertension 
What is the most common cause of acute hepatic failure? 
 -:- DILI (drug-induced)- most commonly by acetaminophen 
Labs indicative of acute hepatic failure: 
1.) ...
Cardiac output equation 
 -:- CO = HR x SV 
Components of stroke volume 
 -:- Preload 
 Afterload 
 Contractility 
Preload components 
 -:- CVP (right ventricular) - central venous pressure 
PAOP (left ventricular) - pulmonary artery occlusive pressure 
Afterload components 
 -:- PVR (right ventricu...
Preview 3 out of 16 pages
Add to cartCardiac output equation 
 -:- CO = HR x SV 
Components of stroke volume 
 -:- Preload 
 Afterload 
 Contractility 
Preload components 
 -:- CVP (right ventricular) - central venous pressure 
PAOP (left ventricular) - pulmonary artery occlusive pressure 
Afterload components 
 -:- PVR (right ventricu...
A patient in hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) is being admitted with dehydration 
and a serum glucose level of 836 mg/dL. Which of the following additional laboratory 
findings should the nurse anticipate? 
a. decreased BUN, decreased creatinine, and elevated serum osmolality 
b. elevated B...
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Add to cartA patient in hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) is being admitted with dehydration 
and a serum glucose level of 836 mg/dL. Which of the following additional laboratory 
findings should the nurse anticipate? 
a. decreased BUN, decreased creatinine, and elevated serum osmolality 
b. elevated B...
Closed head injury. When nurse stimulates her, the child flexes her arms, clenches her fists, 
and extends her legs. which of the following is accurate? 
a. Child is demonstrating decorticate posturing which indicates cerebral damage. 
b. Child is demonstrating decorticate posturing which indicate...
Preview 2 out of 13 pages
Add to cartClosed head injury. When nurse stimulates her, the child flexes her arms, clenches her fists, 
and extends her legs. which of the following is accurate? 
a. Child is demonstrating decorticate posturing which indicates cerebral damage. 
b. Child is demonstrating decorticate posturing which indicate...
Which of the following would be the earliest auscultatory finding in left ventricular failure 
(LVF)? 
A. Crackles 
B. S3 
C. Murmur of mitral regurgitation 
D. Pericardial friction rub 
 -:- B. S3 
LVF would be the most subtle because early changes are usually subtle changes. Choose 
"S3." 
A p...
Preview 4 out of 120 pages
Add to cartWhich of the following would be the earliest auscultatory finding in left ventricular failure 
(LVF)? 
A. Crackles 
B. S3 
C. Murmur of mitral regurgitation 
D. Pericardial friction rub 
 -:- B. S3 
LVF would be the most subtle because early changes are usually subtle changes. Choose 
"S3." 
A p...
A 56 yr-old male is admitted to the ICU with a blood pressure of 225/135 and complains of 
a headache and nausea. He reports he ran out of blood pressure meds three days ago, but 
also appears to be confused to the date and situation. What is the most appropriate 
treatment approach? 
 -:- Rapidl...
Preview 4 out of 44 pages
Add to cartA 56 yr-old male is admitted to the ICU with a blood pressure of 225/135 and complains of 
a headache and nausea. He reports he ran out of blood pressure meds three days ago, but 
also appears to be confused to the date and situation. What is the most appropriate 
treatment approach? 
 -:- Rapidl...
What is vasogenic cerebral edema? 
 -:- Vasogenic cerebral edema is an increase in extracellular fluid caused 
by a breakdown of the blood-brain barrier with the resultant increase in 
vascular permeability. This cerebral edema begins locally and becomes 
more generalized. Common causes are traum...
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Add to cartWhat is vasogenic cerebral edema? 
 -:- Vasogenic cerebral edema is an increase in extracellular fluid caused 
by a breakdown of the blood-brain barrier with the resultant increase in 
vascular permeability. This cerebral edema begins locally and becomes 
more generalized. Common causes are traum...
What does SIRS stand for? 
 -:- Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome 
Key characteristics of Endotheliopathy 
 -:- • Capillary leak 
• Vasomotor paralysis tone of vessels not normal 
• Leukocyte infiltrations 
• Coagulopathy 
• Myocardial depression 
• Immune-compromise 
Patient Qua...
Preview 2 out of 10 pages
Add to cartWhat does SIRS stand for? 
 -:- Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome 
Key characteristics of Endotheliopathy 
 -:- • Capillary leak 
• Vasomotor paralysis tone of vessels not normal 
• Leukocyte infiltrations 
• Coagulopathy 
• Myocardial depression 
• Immune-compromise 
Patient Qua...
AACN Synergy Model - Patient Characteristics 
 -:- resiliency, vulnerability, stability, complexity, resource availability, 
participation in care, participation in decision making, predictability 
5 levels within each characteristic 
AACN Synergy Model - Nurse Characteristics 
 -:- clinical judgem...
Preview 1 out of 4 pages
Add to cartAACN Synergy Model - Patient Characteristics 
 -:- resiliency, vulnerability, stability, complexity, resource availability, 
participation in care, participation in decision making, predictability 
5 levels within each characteristic 
AACN Synergy Model - Nurse Characteristics 
 -:- clinical judgem...
A patient presents with labored breathing and an RR of 40 beats per minute (bpm). The 
following ABG is obtained: 
PaO2 68 
PaCO2 50 
pH 7.34 
SaO2 91% 
HCO3 22 
Which of the following is the most accurate interpretation of the above situation? 
A. Normal ABG for COPD patient 
B. Respiratory fail...
Preview 3 out of 23 pages
Add to cartA patient presents with labored breathing and an RR of 40 beats per minute (bpm). The 
following ABG is obtained: 
PaO2 68 
PaCO2 50 
pH 7.34 
SaO2 91% 
HCO3 22 
Which of the following is the most accurate interpretation of the above situation? 
A. Normal ABG for COPD patient 
B. Respiratory fail...
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