Package deal
BIO 212 Q&A EXAM COMPILATION BUNDLE
Transform your study routine and ace your course with our BIO 212 Q&A Bundle!
[Show more]Transform your study routine and ace your course with our BIO 212 Q&A Bundle!
[Show more]autocrine signals act on the same cell that secretes them 
paracrine signals diffuse to and affect nearby cells 
endocrine signals hormones carried between distant cells by blood or other bodily fluids 
neural signals diffuse a short distance between neurons 
neuroendocrine signals (neurohormones) h...
Preview 2 out of 6 pages
Add to cartautocrine signals act on the same cell that secretes them 
paracrine signals diffuse to and affect nearby cells 
endocrine signals hormones carried between distant cells by blood or other bodily fluids 
neural signals diffuse a short distance between neurons 
neuroendocrine signals (neurohormones) h...
In a ______ feedback loop, effectors return internal conditions to their set-point values. negative 
The ability of an organism to maintain a constant internal environment even when the external environment fluctuates, is called _______. homeostasis 
If you start sweating on a hot day, which mechani...
Preview 1 out of 3 pages
Add to cartIn a ______ feedback loop, effectors return internal conditions to their set-point values. negative 
The ability of an organism to maintain a constant internal environment even when the external environment fluctuates, is called _______. homeostasis 
If you start sweating on a hot day, which mechani...
How do liver cells obtain iron from the blood transferrin; endocytosis 
How do endosomes/lysosomes in liver cells free iron from transferrin from acidity from the proton 
how do endosomes/lysosomes in liver cells export iron for cellular use iron/H+ co-transport 
Where is iron oxidase found in the l...
Preview 2 out of 11 pages
Add to cartHow do liver cells obtain iron from the blood transferrin; endocytosis 
How do endosomes/lysosomes in liver cells free iron from transferrin from acidity from the proton 
how do endosomes/lysosomes in liver cells export iron for cellular use iron/H+ co-transport 
Where is iron oxidase found in the l...
Know the basic units of the metric system and how to make conversions, such as ml--> L and L-->ml 1 L= 1,000ml 
368ml --> 0.368L 
368ml x 1 L _______ _____ 1 1,000ml 
what is an ion, and what is the difference between anions and cations? What are electrolytes? ions= is a charged atom or mol...
Preview 2 out of 6 pages
Add to cartKnow the basic units of the metric system and how to make conversions, such as ml--> L and L-->ml 1 L= 1,000ml 
368ml --> 0.368L 
368ml x 1 L _______ _____ 1 1,000ml 
what is an ion, and what is the difference between anions and cations? What are electrolytes? ions= is a charged atom or mol...
Tissues group of cells with a common structure and/or function 
collagen protein only in animals used for support instead of cell wall 
how do animals obtain nutrients heterotrophs but have to ingest food and digest it inside the body 
traits that make animals unique o Do not have cell walls, but ha...
Preview 1 out of 3 pages
Add to cartTissues group of cells with a common structure and/or function 
collagen protein only in animals used for support instead of cell wall 
how do animals obtain nutrients heterotrophs but have to ingest food and digest it inside the body 
traits that make animals unique o Do not have cell walls, but ha...
What is the function of the plasma membrane? - Physical isolation of cell contents from extracellular fluid - Sensitivity to changes in the extracellular fluid - Structural support of the cell - Regulation of exchange of materials between the cell and the extracellular fluid 
Explain why the unique ...
Preview 1 out of 2 pages
Add to cartWhat is the function of the plasma membrane? - Physical isolation of cell contents from extracellular fluid - Sensitivity to changes in the extracellular fluid - Structural support of the cell - Regulation of exchange of materials between the cell and the extracellular fluid 
Explain why the unique ...
Where are receptors located? in the peripheral nervous system 
What direction will the action potential of the sensory receptors travel? Afferent - towards the soma 
Sensory integration and the levels 1. Receptor level - sensory receptors 
2. Circuit level - ascending pathways 
3. Perceptual level -...
Preview 2 out of 7 pages
Add to cartWhere are receptors located? in the peripheral nervous system 
What direction will the action potential of the sensory receptors travel? Afferent - towards the soma 
Sensory integration and the levels 1. Receptor level - sensory receptors 
2. Circuit level - ascending pathways 
3. Perceptual level -...
Basal metabolic rate (BMR)how much energy the animal uses just to maintain itself, ready to do work, but W/O doing work (MRU) 
Thermoneutral temperature rangePosition on graph: values of X-axis for the horizontal part of the curve 
Definition: the temperature range at which the animal can maintain b...
Preview 2 out of 6 pages
Add to cartBasal metabolic rate (BMR)how much energy the animal uses just to maintain itself, ready to do work, but W/O doing work (MRU) 
Thermoneutral temperature rangePosition on graph: values of X-axis for the horizontal part of the curve 
Definition: the temperature range at which the animal can maintain b...
True or False: In both animals and plants, most adult cells contain all the genes present in the embryo. 
A. True for animals but not plants B. False for both plants and animals C. True for both animals and plants D. True for plants but not animals C. True for both animals and plants 
During oogenes...
Preview 2 out of 7 pages
Add to cartTrue or False: In both animals and plants, most adult cells contain all the genes present in the embryo. 
A. True for animals but not plants B. False for both plants and animals C. True for both animals and plants D. True for plants but not animals C. True for both animals and plants 
During oogenes...
The manufacture of a large protein from hundreds of amino acids is likely to anabolic reactions require energy 
Which of the following statements about enzymes is FALSE? Enzymes provide activation energy for the reaction they catalyze. 
Why is ATP important for metabolic processes? The breakdown (us...
Preview 1 out of 2 pages
Add to cartThe manufacture of a large protein from hundreds of amino acids is likely to anabolic reactions require energy 
Which of the following statements about enzymes is FALSE? Enzymes provide activation energy for the reaction they catalyze. 
Why is ATP important for metabolic processes? The breakdown (us...
The amount of depolarization or hyperpolarization of the sensory receptor is ________ the intensity of the stimulus 
A) equal to B) greater than C) proportional to D) less than E) unaffected by proportional to 
Compare the response times of the two major systems of internal communication (Nervous an...
Preview 2 out of 14 pages
Add to cartThe amount of depolarization or hyperpolarization of the sensory receptor is ________ the intensity of the stimulus 
A) equal to B) greater than C) proportional to D) less than E) unaffected by proportional to 
Compare the response times of the two major systems of internal communication (Nervous an...
What is the action of acetylcholine and where is the site of action? Action Site: Excitatory Neuromuscular junction of some CNS pathways 
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, often used to treat neurobiological disorders: Increase synaptic Transmission 
Researchers find a compound that when applied to n...
Preview 1 out of 3 pages
Add to cartWhat is the action of acetylcholine and where is the site of action? Action Site: Excitatory Neuromuscular junction of some CNS pathways 
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, often used to treat neurobiological disorders: Increase synaptic Transmission 
Researchers find a compound that when applied to n...
if a reaction is endergonic it must have energy to proceed 
glucose + fructose --> sucrose + H2O change in G of +29 must have added energy to occur -anabolic because it is bringing bonds together (ex: photosynthesis) 
when a glucose molecule loses a hydrogen atom in an oxidation/reduction reactio...
Preview 1 out of 4 pages
Add to cartif a reaction is endergonic it must have energy to proceed 
glucose + fructose --> sucrose + H2O change in G of +29 must have added energy to occur -anabolic because it is bringing bonds together (ex: photosynthesis) 
when a glucose molecule loses a hydrogen atom in an oxidation/reduction reactio...
If a reaction is exergonic, then which of these statements is true? 
a) The products have lower Gibbs free energy than the reactants. 
b) The reaction always occurs quickly. 
c) Energy must be added for the reaction to proceed. 
d) The products have lower entropy (are more ordered) than the reactant...
Preview 3 out of 17 pages
Add to cartIf a reaction is exergonic, then which of these statements is true? 
a) The products have lower Gibbs free energy than the reactants. 
b) The reaction always occurs quickly. 
c) Energy must be added for the reaction to proceed. 
d) The products have lower entropy (are more ordered) than the reactant...
The opening of depolarization gated potassium channels is a step in the closure of stomata through reducing pressure in guard cells 
You can count on a co transporter and not a channel being used when a cell is moving something _____ ______. against driving force 
Increasing the difference in concen...
Preview 1 out of 2 pages
Add to cartThe opening of depolarization gated potassium channels is a step in the closure of stomata through reducing pressure in guard cells 
You can count on a co transporter and not a channel being used when a cell is moving something _____ ______. against driving force 
Increasing the difference in concen...
benefits of gene regulation -Conserves energy -Expression in appropriate cell type -Expression in correct developmental stage 
eukaryotes & prokaryotes both control gene expression at: transcription, translation, and post-translation 
3 additional gene expression controls in eukaryotes: chromatin re...
Preview 2 out of 6 pages
Add to cartbenefits of gene regulation -Conserves energy -Expression in appropriate cell type -Expression in correct developmental stage 
eukaryotes & prokaryotes both control gene expression at: transcription, translation, and post-translation 
3 additional gene expression controls in eukaryotes: chromatin re...
Which organelle contains most of a cell's DNA?Nucleus 
Which organelle carries out cellular respiration?Mitochondria 
What is composed of DNA and protein?Chromatin 
Ribosomal subunits are manufactured by the...Nucleolus 
Where does protein synthesis occur?Ribosomes 
What manufactures cellular membr...
Preview 2 out of 13 pages
Add to cartWhich organelle contains most of a cell's DNA?Nucleus 
Which organelle carries out cellular respiration?Mitochondria 
What is composed of DNA and protein?Chromatin 
Ribosomal subunits are manufactured by the...Nucleolus 
Where does protein synthesis occur?Ribosomes 
What manufactures cellular membr...
Which of the following mutations would be most likely to have a harmful effect on an organism? -a single nucleotide insertion downstream of, and close to, the start of the coding sequence -a single nucleotide deletion near the end of the coding sequence -a deletion of three nucleotides near the midd...
Preview 2 out of 7 pages
Add to cartWhich of the following mutations would be most likely to have a harmful effect on an organism? -a single nucleotide insertion downstream of, and close to, the start of the coding sequence -a single nucleotide deletion near the end of the coding sequence -a deletion of three nucleotides near the midd...
what is a protist in the most general sense? An informal group of primarily aquatic eukaryotic organisms with diverse body forms, types of reproduction, modes of nutrition, and lifestyles -Algae, water molds, slide molds protozoa 
what are some different body plans of protist? -Mostly unicellular -s...
Preview 2 out of 12 pages
Add to cartwhat is a protist in the most general sense? An informal group of primarily aquatic eukaryotic organisms with diverse body forms, types of reproduction, modes of nutrition, and lifestyles -Algae, water molds, slide molds protozoa 
what are some different body plans of protist? -Mostly unicellular -s...
It's cold outside, but excessively hot in Col 150. Cation X+ is more concentrated on the inside of a cell. Many ions of various types are passing through channels in the membrane. We know from this set of facts that this cell has a positive membrane potential 
A cation more concentrated inside a ce...
Preview 1 out of 2 pages
Add to cartIt's cold outside, but excessively hot in Col 150. Cation X+ is more concentrated on the inside of a cell. Many ions of various types are passing through channels in the membrane. We know from this set of facts that this cell has a positive membrane potential 
A cation more concentrated inside a ce...
If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive 32P-labeled phosphate, which molecules will be labeled? Nucleic Acids 
If a double-stranded DNA sample were composed of 10 percent thymine, what would be the percentage of guanine? 40 
If one strand of a DNA molecule has the sequence of bases 5'...
Preview 2 out of 5 pages
Add to cartIf cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive 32P-labeled phosphate, which molecules will be labeled? Nucleic Acids 
If a double-stranded DNA sample were composed of 10 percent thymine, what would be the percentage of guanine? 40 
If one strand of a DNA molecule has the sequence of bases 5'...
Starting at the resting potential of a neuron, if K+ and Na+ were suddenly allowed to freely cross the membrane, K+ would move ______ and Na+ would move _______ following their concentration gradients. A. Out of the cell; out of the cell B. Into the cell; into the cell C. Out of the cell; into the c...
Preview 3 out of 19 pages
Add to cartStarting at the resting potential of a neuron, if K+ and Na+ were suddenly allowed to freely cross the membrane, K+ would move ______ and Na+ would move _______ following their concentration gradients. A. Out of the cell; out of the cell B. Into the cell; into the cell C. Out of the cell; into the c...
Noradrenaline effect on pacemaker cells G Protein-->Increased cAMP--> Increased flow through funny channel--> HR 
Na+ equilibrium potential membrane potential that is required to stop a net flow of ions across the membrane 
Threshold potential membrane potential that leads to the opening of...
Preview 2 out of 7 pages
Add to cartNoradrenaline effect on pacemaker cells G Protein-->Increased cAMP--> Increased flow through funny channel--> HR 
Na+ equilibrium potential membrane potential that is required to stop a net flow of ions across the membrane 
Threshold potential membrane potential that leads to the opening of...
Components of a nucleotide 1. phosphate group 2. 5-carbon sugar 3. nitrogenous base 
How do nucleotides polymerize to form nucleic acids? Via condensation between the hydroxyl on one nucleotide and the phosphate group on another. This results in a new covalent bond and releases a molecule of water. ...
Preview 2 out of 7 pages
Add to cartComponents of a nucleotide 1. phosphate group 2. 5-carbon sugar 3. nitrogenous base 
How do nucleotides polymerize to form nucleic acids? Via condensation between the hydroxyl on one nucleotide and the phosphate group on another. This results in a new covalent bond and releases a molecule of water. ...
Enveloped Virus A virus that has a membranous outer covering over its capsid 
Role of viral surface protein/spikes Provides means of attachment to host cell surface 
Possible configurations of viral nucleic acids --single-stranded DNA --double-stranded DNA RNA hybrid --double-stranded DNA circular -...
Preview 2 out of 14 pages
Add to cartEnveloped Virus A virus that has a membranous outer covering over its capsid 
Role of viral surface protein/spikes Provides means of attachment to host cell surface 
Possible configurations of viral nucleic acids --single-stranded DNA --double-stranded DNA RNA hybrid --double-stranded DNA circular -...
What filaments maintain cell shape (pull), divide animal cells into 2, ad move organelles/ cytoplasm (2 coiled strands)? Actin filaments (microfilaments) 
What filaments maintain cell shape (pull) and anchor the nucleus (fibers wound into thick cables)? Intermediate filaments 
What filaments maintai...
Preview 2 out of 13 pages
Add to cartWhat filaments maintain cell shape (pull), divide animal cells into 2, ad move organelles/ cytoplasm (2 coiled strands)? Actin filaments (microfilaments) 
What filaments maintain cell shape (pull) and anchor the nucleus (fibers wound into thick cables)? Intermediate filaments 
What filaments maintai...
Which characteristic of a cell most influences the rate of movement of materials into and out of the cell? Surface Area 
Compared with a smaller cell, a larger cell of the same shape has ________. less surface area per unit of volume 
When are my office hours? Monday through Thursday 1-2pm, but you ...
Preview 4 out of 34 pages
Add to cartWhich characteristic of a cell most influences the rate of movement of materials into and out of the cell? Surface Area 
Compared with a smaller cell, a larger cell of the same shape has ________. less surface area per unit of volume 
When are my office hours? Monday through Thursday 1-2pm, but you ...
The sequence of one strand of DNA is shown below. Which of the following is the sequence of its complementary strand? 3′ ATTTGGCC 5′ 5' TAAACCGG 3' 
DNA polymerases are enzymes that build DNA. They catalyze ____ reactions leading to the formation of ____ bonds. condensation; phosphodiester 
A ...
Preview 3 out of 24 pages
Add to cartThe sequence of one strand of DNA is shown below. Which of the following is the sequence of its complementary strand? 3′ ATTTGGCC 5′ 5' TAAACCGG 3' 
DNA polymerases are enzymes that build DNA. They catalyze ____ reactions leading to the formation of ____ bonds. condensation; phosphodiester 
A ...
Which of the following is the correct order of relative size from smallest to largest? a phospholipid, a protein channel, a virus, a prokaryotic cell 
How does one determine the number of covalent bonds an element will likely form? the number of valence electrons 
What is the correct order of permea...
Preview 2 out of 5 pages
Add to cartWhich of the following is the correct order of relative size from smallest to largest? a phospholipid, a protein channel, a virus, a prokaryotic cell 
How does one determine the number of covalent bonds an element will likely form? the number of valence electrons 
What is the correct order of permea...
evolution change in the genetic composition of a population from generation to generation 
descent with modification the passing on of traits from parent organisms to their offspring 
Microevolution evolutionary change within a species or small group of organisms, especially over a short period. 
ge...
Preview 3 out of 21 pages
Add to cartevolution change in the genetic composition of a population from generation to generation 
descent with modification the passing on of traits from parent organisms to their offspring 
Microevolution evolutionary change within a species or small group of organisms, especially over a short period. 
ge...
A compound contains hydroxyl groups as its predominant functional group. What is true of this compound? It should dissolve in water 
A chemist wishes to make an organic molecule less acidic. What functional group should be added to the molecule? Amino 
From its atomic number of 15, it is possible to...
Preview 1 out of 4 pages
Add to cartA compound contains hydroxyl groups as its predominant functional group. What is true of this compound? It should dissolve in water 
A chemist wishes to make an organic molecule less acidic. What functional group should be added to the molecule? Amino 
From its atomic number of 15, it is possible to...
Pasteur used two types of flasks in his famous experiment: an open-top and a swan-necked flask. What was the experimental variable? 
a.Type of flask 
b. Access to air 
c. Access to microbes in the air 
d. Type of glass 
e. I do not know c. Access to microbes in the air 
What properties make water a...
Preview 3 out of 30 pages
Add to cartPasteur used two types of flasks in his famous experiment: an open-top and a swan-necked flask. What was the experimental variable? 
a.Type of flask 
b. Access to air 
c. Access to microbes in the air 
d. Type of glass 
e. I do not know c. Access to microbes in the air 
What properties make water a...
What functions do organisms need to perform to survive? Regulate water and ions, nutrition, internal transport of materials, sensory signals, movement, reproduction, and defense 
Define adaptation and describe what types of features might be adaptations. adaptation is the biological mechanism by whi...
Preview 2 out of 7 pages
Add to cartWhat functions do organisms need to perform to survive? Regulate water and ions, nutrition, internal transport of materials, sensory signals, movement, reproduction, and defense 
Define adaptation and describe what types of features might be adaptations. adaptation is the biological mechanism by whi...
Which of the following is the correct order of relative size from smallest to largest? A phospholipid, a messenger RNA, a virus, a prokaryotic cell 
How does one determine the number of covalent bonds an element will likely form? The number of Valence electrons 
What is the correct order of permeabi...
Preview 1 out of 3 pages
Add to cartWhich of the following is the correct order of relative size from smallest to largest? A phospholipid, a messenger RNA, a virus, a prokaryotic cell 
How does one determine the number of covalent bonds an element will likely form? The number of Valence electrons 
What is the correct order of permeabi...
What are the five characteristics of living things? Using energy, made of cells, process information(genes), reproduction, and evolution 
cell theory all organisms are made of cells and come from pre-existing cells 
(In aqueous solution) List bonds from weakest to strongest -covalent, hydrogen, ioni...
Preview 1 out of 4 pages
Add to cartWhat are the five characteristics of living things? Using energy, made of cells, process information(genes), reproduction, and evolution 
cell theory all organisms are made of cells and come from pre-existing cells 
(In aqueous solution) List bonds from weakest to strongest -covalent, hydrogen, ioni...
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller twishfrancis. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
No, you only buy these notes for $50.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67163 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now