NBME 30 || All Correct.

hypothalamic nuclei functions 1. supraoptic/PVN correct answers supraoptic: ADH PVN: oxytocin HIV encephalopathy correct answers diagnosis of exclusion -subacute to chronic memory, language, and psychomotor deficits in AIDS pt who does not adhere to retrovirals -MRI: symmetrically diffuse, po...

why is PO2 of renal vein higher compared to other organs ? correct answers kidneys receive 1/4 of cardiac output. so theres leftover 02. kidney helps fitrate plasma thus high amount of blood. Waardenburg Syndrome correct answers patchy depigmentation of skin hair and irses due to defect in differ...

difference b/w Kwashiorkor & Marasmus correct answers - kwashiorkor (edematous malnutrition): marasmus PLUS EDEMA - marasmus (WASTING SYNDROME): skin lesions, fatty liver, acute protein-energy malnutrition with decreased arm circumference, weight per length or BMI deformation correct answers d...

56 y/o F comes to physician 3 wk hx increasing weakness of arms and legs. - Smoking - Weakness of hip girdle muscles, lesser weakness of shoulder girdle muscles. - Weakness improves with repetitive testing. - Hilar lung mass What's impaired: - Acetylocholinesterase - Binding of ACh on...

Marasmus vs. Kwashiorkor MEALS protein? correct answers Marasmus-low in both calories and protein (no specific vitamins or mineral deficiency), NO edema Muscle wasting (wrinkly skin) Kwashiorkor-severe protein deficiency --> skin lesions and edema (small child big abdomen) Low ser...

dark hair with white forelock, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and heterochromia irides (different sized pupils) due to what? correct answers Waardenburg syndrome- depigmentation of hair, skin, irises- AD, neural crest cells don't properly differentiate into melanoblasts or they don't migrate...

pellagra correct answers acquired deficiency of niacin (nicotinic acid, vitamin B3); Sx = diarrhea, dementia, dermatitis Hartnup disease correct answers autosomal recessive disorder of decreased GI absorption of tryptophan which is the precursor to nicotinic acid (niacin, vitamin B3); see pellagr...

Total calorie deficit associated with redundant skin folds and no edema is called? correct answers Marasmus A predominantly protein-deficient diet associated with edema is called? correct answers Kwashiorkor —> no Korean bbq = no protein A disruption that occurs after the embryonic period...

What hormone increases the concentration of transport proteins in the body? correct answers Estrogen In what pathology do you see blunting of the renal calyces? correct answers Reflux nephropathy Besides a webbed neck, what other neck abnormality may you see in Turner syndrome? correct answers...

HIV encephalopathy correct answers dx of clusion, brain biopsy characteristically demonstrates microglial nodules with multinucleated giant cells PML (progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy) correct answers A fatal disease characterized by multifocal demyelination in the brain. Caused by ...

Origin of osteoclasts correct answers Monocytes-macrophage lineage; mutation leads to osteopetrosis or excess bone deposition Porphyria cutanea tarda correct answers Severe cutaneous photo sensitivity with blistering and hyperpigmentation after exposure to sunlight Most common of the porphyrias ...