Welcome to the ultimate Q&A package designed to help you ace the NCC Electronic Fetal Monitoring (EFM) Certification exam. Dive into a wealth of knowledge and practice questions meticulously crafted to enhance your understanding of fetal monitoring principles and prepare you for success.
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EFM paper speed 3cm/ minute Ultra sound (EFM) US transducer detects motion through ultrahigh frequency sound waves - it determines FHR by auto correlation compares successive reflected ultra sound waveforms at many points FSE fetal scalp electrode (ISE) measures interval between R waves Val...
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Add to cartEFM paper speed 3cm/ minute Ultra sound (EFM) US transducer detects motion through ultrahigh frequency sound waves - it determines FHR by auto correlation compares successive reflected ultra sound waveforms at many points FSE fetal scalp electrode (ISE) measures interval between R waves Val...
Hypoxemia Decreased oxygen in blood Hypoxia Not enough oxygen to supply organs Normal fetal PO2 15-25 mmhm What factors can change the maternal HR? Intrinsic pacemakers (SA & AV node) Cardiac conduction system Autonomic regulation... Sympathetic, parasympathetic Humoral factors (catechol...
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Add to cartHypoxemia Decreased oxygen in blood Hypoxia Not enough oxygen to supply organs Normal fetal PO2 15-25 mmhm What factors can change the maternal HR? Intrinsic pacemakers (SA & AV node) Cardiac conduction system Autonomic regulation... Sympathetic, parasympathetic Humoral factors (catechol...
What are the two things measured in Electronic Fetal Monitoring, otherwise known as Cardiotocography? Fetal Heart Rate Uterine Activity - Contractions What are the 5 components described in an EFM? 1. Baseline heart rate 2. Variability 3. +/- Accelerations 4. +/- Decelerations 5. Frequency o...
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Add to cartWhat are the two things measured in Electronic Fetal Monitoring, otherwise known as Cardiotocography? Fetal Heart Rate Uterine Activity - Contractions What are the 5 components described in an EFM? 1. Baseline heart rate 2. Variability 3. +/- Accelerations 4. +/- Decelerations 5. Frequency o...
Causes of uteroplacental perfusion decrease: • HTN • Pregnancy • DM • Hypotension • Excessive uterine contractions (hypertonus) • Decreased surface area, edema, degenerative calcifications, infarcts, infection FHR reflects fetal oxygenation from which extrinsic factors: • Mater...
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Add to cartCauses of uteroplacental perfusion decrease: • HTN • Pregnancy • DM • Hypotension • Excessive uterine contractions (hypertonus) • Decreased surface area, edema, degenerative calcifications, infarcts, infection FHR reflects fetal oxygenation from which extrinsic factors: • Mater...
Normal arterial blood pH > 7.10 Normal arterial blood pH mean value range 7.2-7.29 Metabolic Acidemia pH < 7.10 Respiratory Acidemia pH < 7.10 Normal arterial blood PO2 > 20 Normal arterial blood PO2 mean value range 15-24 Metabolic Acidemia PO2 < 20 Respiratory A...
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Add to cartNormal arterial blood pH > 7.10 Normal arterial blood pH mean value range 7.2-7.29 Metabolic Acidemia pH < 7.10 Respiratory Acidemia pH < 7.10 Normal arterial blood PO2 > 20 Normal arterial blood PO2 mean value range 15-24 Metabolic Acidemia PO2 < 20 Respiratory A...
What FHR finding is top priority for immediate interventions? a. heart block rate of 60 bpm cardia cardia with minimal variability rate of 170 with pushing B. BRADYCARDIA The change from moderate to minimal variability which is most concerning would be when: a. association with tachysystole w...
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Add to cartWhat FHR finding is top priority for immediate interventions? a. heart block rate of 60 bpm cardia cardia with minimal variability rate of 170 with pushing B. BRADYCARDIA The change from moderate to minimal variability which is most concerning would be when: a. association with tachysystole w...
intrinsic factors extrinsic factors intrinsic fetal circulation fetal tissue oxygenation fetal heart regulation extrinsic maternal oxygenation uterine blood flow umbilical blood flow average fetal hgb 50-70 percents normal cord gasses ph greater than 7.10 pc02 less than 60 (if its g...
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Add to cartintrinsic factors extrinsic factors intrinsic fetal circulation fetal tissue oxygenation fetal heart regulation extrinsic maternal oxygenation uterine blood flow umbilical blood flow average fetal hgb 50-70 percents normal cord gasses ph greater than 7.10 pc02 less than 60 (if its g...
What are some important factors (risks) to consider when evaluating a fetal heart rate strip? --*PNLs* (abnormal?) --weight gain/loss --Maternal age --*Gestational age* --*MATERNAL vital signs* --*Membrane status* --*Cervical exam* What are the easiest ways for assessment of maternal oxygen...
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Add to cartWhat are some important factors (risks) to consider when evaluating a fetal heart rate strip? --*PNLs* (abnormal?) --weight gain/loss --Maternal age --*Gestational age* --*MATERNAL vital signs* --*Membrane status* --*Cervical exam* What are the easiest ways for assessment of maternal oxygen...
what is a normal fetal heart rate 110 to 160 how do you determine the base line fhr on a strip - the mean fhr rounded to increments of 5 bpm -during a ten minute period -exclude all decels, accels and marked variability -need 2 min of definition base or use previous 10 min define bradycardi...
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Add to cartwhat is a normal fetal heart rate 110 to 160 how do you determine the base line fhr on a strip - the mean fhr rounded to increments of 5 bpm -during a ten minute period -exclude all decels, accels and marked variability -need 2 min of definition base or use previous 10 min define bradycardi...
Five factors that may potentially decrease uteroplacental perfusion Excessive ucs or hypertonus maternal hypotension maternal conditions (CHT, PIH, stress) placental changes (abruption, degenerative-hypertension, post dates, diabetes) vasoconstriction Partial umbilical cord compression may ca...
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Add to cartFive factors that may potentially decrease uteroplacental perfusion Excessive ucs or hypertonus maternal hypotension maternal conditions (CHT, PIH, stress) placental changes (abruption, degenerative-hypertension, post dates, diabetes) vasoconstriction Partial umbilical cord compression may ca...
In comparing early and late decelerations, a distinguishing factor between the two is A. Onset time to the nadir of the deceleration B. The # of decels that occur C. Timing in relation to contractions C. Timjng in relation to ctx The underlying cause of early decelerations is decreased A. B...
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Add to cartIn comparing early and late decelerations, a distinguishing factor between the two is A. Onset time to the nadir of the deceleration B. The # of decels that occur C. Timing in relation to contractions C. Timjng in relation to ctx The underlying cause of early decelerations is decreased A. B...
The paper speed used with EFM in North America is: a. 1cm/min b. 2cm/min c. 3cm/min C. 3cm/min The US transducer on the EFM measures the a. Electrical signal of the fetal heart b. Mechanical movement of the fetal heart reflected off of sound waves c. R to R intervals of the fetal heart b. M...
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Add to cartThe paper speed used with EFM in North America is: a. 1cm/min b. 2cm/min c. 3cm/min C. 3cm/min The US transducer on the EFM measures the a. Electrical signal of the fetal heart b. Mechanical movement of the fetal heart reflected off of sound waves c. R to R intervals of the fetal heart b. M...
Why use fetal monitoring? Primary goal is to prevent fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality (prevent injury and death to mother and/ or baby), to prevent bad patient outcomes. What percent of babies who experience a suboptimal event while being fetal monitored, develop cerebral palsy? 3% of b...
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Add to cartWhy use fetal monitoring? Primary goal is to prevent fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality (prevent injury and death to mother and/ or baby), to prevent bad patient outcomes. What percent of babies who experience a suboptimal event while being fetal monitored, develop cerebral palsy? 3% of b...
foramen ovale shunts blood from the right atrium directly into the left atrium allowing most blood to bypass the baby's developing lungs. Closes after birth from 6 months to 1 year. ductus arteriosus connects the pulmonary artery to the descending aorta, bypassing the lungs to the right ventricl...
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Add to cartforamen ovale shunts blood from the right atrium directly into the left atrium allowing most blood to bypass the baby's developing lungs. Closes after birth from 6 months to 1 year. ductus arteriosus connects the pulmonary artery to the descending aorta, bypassing the lungs to the right ventricl...
Which of the following factors can have a negative effect on uterine blood flow? a. Hypertension b. Epidural c. Hemorrhage d. Diabetes e. All of the above e. All of the above Stimulating the vagus nerve typically produces: a. A decrease in the heart rate b. An increase in the heart rate c...
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Add to cartWhich of the following factors can have a negative effect on uterine blood flow? a. Hypertension b. Epidural c. Hemorrhage d. Diabetes e. All of the above e. All of the above Stimulating the vagus nerve typically produces: a. A decrease in the heart rate b. An increase in the heart rate c...
Uterine contractions are quantified as the number of contractions present in a 10 min window Normal frequency of uterine contractions ≤5 contractions in 10 min, averaged over a 30 min window Tachysystole is >5 contractions in 10 min, averaged over a 30 min window. Should be qualified as t...
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Add to cartUterine contractions are quantified as the number of contractions present in a 10 min window Normal frequency of uterine contractions ≤5 contractions in 10 min, averaged over a 30 min window Tachysystole is >5 contractions in 10 min, averaged over a 30 min window. Should be qualified as t...
A nurse is explaining to a pregnant patient the purpose of electronic fetal monitoring. Which of the following statements by the nurse is the most accurate way to describe the purpose of EFM? a. "EFM is a diagnostic procedure that monitors your baby's heart rate or FHR and your uterine contractio...
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Add to cartA nurse is explaining to a pregnant patient the purpose of electronic fetal monitoring. Which of the following statements by the nurse is the most accurate way to describe the purpose of EFM? a. "EFM is a diagnostic procedure that monitors your baby's heart rate or FHR and your uterine contractio...
Pattern recognition & intervention -FHR baseline -FHR variability -FHR accelerations -FHR decelerations -Normal uterine activity -Abnormal uterine activity -Fetal dysrhythmias -Maternal complications -Uteroplacental complications -Fetal complications FHR Descriptors 1) Baseline...
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Add to cartPattern recognition & intervention -FHR baseline -FHR variability -FHR accelerations -FHR decelerations -Normal uterine activity -Abnormal uterine activity -Fetal dysrhythmias -Maternal complications -Uteroplacental complications -Fetal complications FHR Descriptors 1) Baseline...
Ductus venosus connects ______ to ______? Umb. vein to IVC Foramen ovale connects _______to______? R. atrium to L. atrium Ductus arteriosus connects _______ to _______? Pulm. artery to aorta Normal rate 110 to 160 BPM Average baseline rate at 15wks gestation 160 BPM Average rate in fe...
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Add to cartDuctus venosus connects ______ to ______? Umb. vein to IVC Foramen ovale connects _______to______? R. atrium to L. atrium Ductus arteriosus connects _______ to _______? Pulm. artery to aorta Normal rate 110 to 160 BPM Average baseline rate at 15wks gestation 160 BPM Average rate in fe...
Oxygen is transferred from mom to fetus via the placenta through? Passive (Simple) Diffusion Intervillous space perfusion is dependent on? Adequate Uterine Blood Flow Maternal Fetal Exchange is best promoted by which maternal position? Either Rt or Lt Lateral What is transfer down the conce...
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Add to cartOxygen is transferred from mom to fetus via the placenta through? Passive (Simple) Diffusion Intervillous space perfusion is dependent on? Adequate Uterine Blood Flow Maternal Fetal Exchange is best promoted by which maternal position? Either Rt or Lt Lateral What is transfer down the conce...
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