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[Show more]The Cell Theory 
1. Organisms consist of one or more cells 
2. Cells are the smallest living things 
3. Cells are formed by division of previous cells 
 
 
 
The Gene Theory 
DNA sequences may be altered by mutation or by crossing over and segregation during meiosis 
 
 
 
 
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Add to cartThe Cell Theory 
1. Organisms consist of one or more cells 
2. Cells are the smallest living things 
3. Cells are formed by division of previous cells 
 
 
 
The Gene Theory 
DNA sequences may be altered by mutation or by crossing over and segregation during meiosis 
 
 
 
 
Brainpower 
Read More 
T...
The Cell Theory 
1. Organisms consist of one or more cells 
2. Cells are the smallest living things 
3. Cells are formed by division of previous cells 
 
 
 
The Gene Theory 
DNA sequences may be altered by mutation or by crossing over and segregation during meiosis 
 
 
 
 
Brainpower 
Read More 
T...
Preview 2 out of 8 pages
Add to cartThe Cell Theory 
1. Organisms consist of one or more cells 
2. Cells are the smallest living things 
3. Cells are formed by division of previous cells 
 
 
 
The Gene Theory 
DNA sequences may be altered by mutation or by crossing over and segregation during meiosis 
 
 
 
 
Brainpower 
Read More 
T...
Accuracy 
a measure of how close a result matches a correct or standard value 
 
 
 
Precision 
a measure of variability. For example, three darts placed close together on a dartboard indicate high precision, but if this cluster of darts is far from the bullseye it would also indicate low accuracy 
...
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Add to cartAccuracy 
a measure of how close a result matches a correct or standard value 
 
 
 
Precision 
a measure of variability. For example, three darts placed close together on a dartboard indicate high precision, but if this cluster of darts is far from the bullseye it would also indicate low accuracy 
...
What is the difference between the coding and non-coding region? 
Coding region: comprised of genes that encode proteins (instructions that determine traits) and makes up 1-2% of human DNA. • Noncoding region: makes up 98-99% of human DNA, contains STRs and is responsible for regulatory functions ...
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Add to cartWhat is the difference between the coding and non-coding region? 
Coding region: comprised of genes that encode proteins (instructions that determine traits) and makes up 1-2% of human DNA. • Noncoding region: makes up 98-99% of human DNA, contains STRs and is responsible for regulatory functions ...
In the DNA isolation procedure, why did we add chelex-resin to the tube? 
The chelex-resin absorbs ions that inhibit the function of Taq Polymerase. 
 
 
 
Write down the components of the master mix that were use in the PCR amplification of STRs. 
- Buffer 
- Loading Dye 
- Deoxynucleotides 
- 3 pa...
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Add to cartIn the DNA isolation procedure, why did we add chelex-resin to the tube? 
The chelex-resin absorbs ions that inhibit the function of Taq Polymerase. 
 
 
 
Write down the components of the master mix that were use in the PCR amplification of STRs. 
- Buffer 
- Loading Dye 
- Deoxynucleotides 
- 3 pa...
Accuracy 
a measure of how close a result matches a correct or standard value. For example, how close a dart is to the bullseye in a dartboard is an indicator of accuracy. 
 
 
 
Precision 
a measure of variability. For example, three darts placed close together on a dartboard indicate high precisio...
Preview 2 out of 6 pages
Add to cartAccuracy 
a measure of how close a result matches a correct or standard value. For example, how close a dart is to the bullseye in a dartboard is an indicator of accuracy. 
 
 
 
Precision 
a measure of variability. For example, three darts placed close together on a dartboard indicate high precisio...
What is a theory? 
A unifying explanation that has withstood many attempts to falsify it through scientific investigation over a prolonged period of time 
 
 
 
What are the 4 unifying theories in biology? 
- The Cell Theory 
- The Gene Theory 
- The Theory of Heredity 
- The Theory of Evolution 
 
...
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Add to cartWhat is a theory? 
A unifying explanation that has withstood many attempts to falsify it through scientific investigation over a prolonged period of time 
 
 
 
What are the 4 unifying theories in biology? 
- The Cell Theory 
- The Gene Theory 
- The Theory of Heredity 
- The Theory of Evolution 
 
...
EUKARYOTIC CELL 
Cell containing a nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles 
 
 
 
PROKARYOTIC CELL 
Cell that lacks a nucleus or other membrane-enclosed organelles 
 
 
 
 
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Add to cartEUKARYOTIC CELL 
Cell containing a nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles 
 
 
 
PROKARYOTIC CELL 
Cell that lacks a nucleus or other membrane-enclosed organelles 
 
 
 
 
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Domain Archaea 
Prokaryotic, single-celled organisms; have cell walls; reproduce using binary fission (duplication); RNA sequence is most similar to Eukarya; live in extreme environments and therefore do not infect humans; oldest life forms; include methanogens, extreme thermophiles, and extreme hal...
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Add to cartDomain Archaea 
Prokaryotic, single-celled organisms; have cell walls; reproduce using binary fission (duplication); RNA sequence is most similar to Eukarya; live in extreme environments and therefore do not infect humans; oldest life forms; include methanogens, extreme thermophiles, and extreme hal...
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describe the basic functions all life forms must accomplish 
-response to environmental stimuli & maintain homeostasis 
-uptake and processing of nutrients/energy 
-regulation 
-growth and reproduction 
 
 
 
compare and contrast eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell types 
Prokaryotes: 
-circular chromos...
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Add to cartdescribe the basic functions all life forms must accomplish 
-response to environmental stimuli & maintain homeostasis 
-uptake and processing of nutrients/energy 
-regulation 
-growth and reproduction 
 
 
 
compare and contrast eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell types 
Prokaryotes: 
-circular chromos...
What is the difference between the coding and non-coding region? 
Coding region: comprised of genes that encode proteins (instructions that determine traits) and makes up 1-2% of human DNA. • Noncoding region: makes up 98-99% of human DNA, contains STRs and is responsible for regulatory functions ...
Preview 2 out of 9 pages
Add to cartWhat is the difference between the coding and non-coding region? 
Coding region: comprised of genes that encode proteins (instructions that determine traits) and makes up 1-2% of human DNA. • Noncoding region: makes up 98-99% of human DNA, contains STRs and is responsible for regulatory functions ...
Microscope 
An optical instrument used by biologists to view small objects 
 
 
 
Dissecting Microscope 
Allows us to see larger and live specimen; Creates a 3D view of specimen. Utilizes both transmitted and reflected light. 
 
 
 
 
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Add to cartMicroscope 
An optical instrument used by biologists to view small objects 
 
 
 
Dissecting Microscope 
Allows us to see larger and live specimen; Creates a 3D view of specimen. Utilizes both transmitted and reflected light. 
 
 
 
 
Brainpower 
Read More 
Previous 
Play 
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Rewind 10 seconds 
M...
Microscope 
An optical instrument used by biologists to view small objects 
 
 
 
Dissecting Microscope 
Allows us to see larger and live specimen; Creates a 3D view of specimen. Utilizes both transmitted and reflected light. 
 
 
 
 
Brainpower 
Read More 
Previous 
Play 
Next 
Rewind 10 seconds 
M...
Preview 1 out of 3 pages
Add to cartMicroscope 
An optical instrument used by biologists to view small objects 
 
 
 
Dissecting Microscope 
Allows us to see larger and live specimen; Creates a 3D view of specimen. Utilizes both transmitted and reflected light. 
 
 
 
 
Brainpower 
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Independent Variable 
Variable that the experimenter changes in an experiment 
 
 
 
Dependent Variable 
Variable that is being measured in an experiment 
 
 
 
 
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Null Hypothesis 
The hypothesis that there is no significant difference between specified populations, any observe...
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Add to cartIndependent Variable 
Variable that the experimenter changes in an experiment 
 
 
 
Dependent Variable 
Variable that is being measured in an experiment 
 
 
 
 
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Null Hypothesis 
The hypothesis that there is no significant difference between specified populations, any observe...
Safety in the lab 
1. Wear gloves 
2. Wear goggles 
3. Wear close toed shoes 
4. Tie up long hair 
5. No water or food 
 
 
types of micropipettes 
P20, P200, P1000 
 
 
 
Micropipette 
an instrument used to measure/deliver amounts of liquid with high accuracy and precision. 
 
 
to find dilution 
(...
Preview 2 out of 5 pages
Add to cartSafety in the lab 
1. Wear gloves 
2. Wear goggles 
3. Wear close toed shoes 
4. Tie up long hair 
5. No water or food 
 
 
types of micropipettes 
P20, P200, P1000 
 
 
 
Micropipette 
an instrument used to measure/deliver amounts of liquid with high accuracy and precision. 
 
 
to find dilution 
(...
Forensic Evidence 
any object or material that may connect an offender to a crime scene. 
 
 
 
Physical Evidence 
weapons, ballistics results, tire tracks, possession of stolen materials, or witness testimony 
 
 
 
 
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Biological Evidence 
DNA blood finger prints hair analysis...
Preview 1 out of 4 pages
Add to cartForensic Evidence 
any object or material that may connect an offender to a crime scene. 
 
 
 
Physical Evidence 
weapons, ballistics results, tire tracks, possession of stolen materials, or witness testimony 
 
 
 
 
Brainpower 
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Biological Evidence 
DNA blood finger prints hair analysis...
photosynthesis 
atmospheric carbon dioxide is removed and transformered into oxygen and carbohydrates 
 
 
 
photosynthesis 
chemical energy is added to the biosphere 
source of oxygen for aerobic resperation 
 
 
 
 
thylakoid membranes 
photosynthetic pigments occur in 
 
 
 
grana 
layers of thyl...
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Add to cartphotosynthesis 
atmospheric carbon dioxide is removed and transformered into oxygen and carbohydrates 
 
 
 
photosynthesis 
chemical energy is added to the biosphere 
source of oxygen for aerobic resperation 
 
 
 
 
thylakoid membranes 
photosynthetic pigments occur in 
 
 
 
grana 
layers of thyl...
what is the primary means by which chemical energy is added to the biosphere? 
Photosynthesis 
 
 
 
Where does photosynthesis occur? 
thylakoid membranes in the grana stacks of chloroplast 
 
 
 
 
What are the main photosynthetic pigments? 
chlorophyll A, B, carotene, and xanthophyll 
 
 
 
What i...
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Add to cartwhat is the primary means by which chemical energy is added to the biosphere? 
Photosynthesis 
 
 
 
Where does photosynthesis occur? 
thylakoid membranes in the grana stacks of chloroplast 
 
 
 
 
What are the main photosynthetic pigments? 
chlorophyll A, B, carotene, and xanthophyll 
 
 
 
What i...
Know the structure of the chloroplast. 
- Outer Membrane (Envelope): 
- Inner Membrane (Envelope): 
- Thylakoid Membrane: 
- Stroma 
- Granum: 
 
 
 
Which reaction of photosynthesis occurs in the thylakoid membrane? 
Photochemical or light reaction: 
- Light Dependent 
- Instantaneous 
- Capture En...
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Add to cartKnow the structure of the chloroplast. 
- Outer Membrane (Envelope): 
- Inner Membrane (Envelope): 
- Thylakoid Membrane: 
- Stroma 
- Granum: 
 
 
 
Which reaction of photosynthesis occurs in the thylakoid membrane? 
Photochemical or light reaction: 
- Light Dependent 
- Instantaneous 
- Capture En...
What do mitochondria and chloroplasts have in common? 
found in almost all plant cells, 
evolution from endosymbiotic events 
 
 
 
Which of the following is an example of potential rather than kinetic energy? 
molecule of glucose 
 
 
 
 
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Add to cartWhat do mitochondria and chloroplasts have in common? 
found in almost all plant cells, 
evolution from endosymbiotic events 
 
 
 
Which of the following is an example of potential rather than kinetic energy? 
molecule of glucose 
 
 
 
 
Brainpower 
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Dissecting Microscope? 
-Stage is much larger 
- Incident lighting(Stage light and Light from above) 
 
 
 
Compound Microscope? 
-Allows for greater magnification. 
-Has more rotating noses up to 40x 
 
 
 
 
Brainpower 
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Add to cartDissecting Microscope? 
-Stage is much larger 
- Incident lighting(Stage light and Light from above) 
 
 
 
Compound Microscope? 
-Allows for greater magnification. 
-Has more rotating noses up to 40x 
 
 
 
 
Brainpower 
Read More 
Previous 
Play 
Next 
Rewind 10 seconds 
Move forward 10 seconds 
U...
Cell Theory 
All living organisms are composed of one or more cells. The cell is the most basic unit of life. All cells are derived from other cells. 
 
 
 
binary fission 
prokaryotic cells divide via a simple procedure (because of their simple structure): ______ ______ 
 
 
 
 
Brainpower 
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Add to cartCell Theory 
All living organisms are composed of one or more cells. The cell is the most basic unit of life. All cells are derived from other cells. 
 
 
 
binary fission 
prokaryotic cells divide via a simple procedure (because of their simple structure): ______ ______ 
 
 
 
 
Brainpower 
Read Mo...
what are the products of glycolysis? 
2 pyruvate, 2 ATP 
 
 
 
what are the products of alcoholic fermentation? 
alcohol, carbon dioxide 
 
 
 
 
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Add to cartwhat are the products of glycolysis? 
2 pyruvate, 2 ATP 
 
 
 
what are the products of alcoholic fermentation? 
alcohol, carbon dioxide 
 
 
 
 
Brainpower 
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