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[Show more]equation for microscope calibration 
OD = SD x 10um 
 
 
 
stage micrometer 
ruler w lines 10 um apart 
 
 
 
define simple stain 
uses only one dye 
- used bc pos and cell walls are neg 
 
 
 
common simple stains 
- methylene blue 
- crystal violet 
- safranin 
 
 
 
heat fixing 
prevents microbe ...
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Add to cartequation for microscope calibration 
OD = SD x 10um 
 
 
 
stage micrometer 
ruler w lines 10 um apart 
 
 
 
define simple stain 
uses only one dye 
- used bc pos and cell walls are neg 
 
 
 
common simple stains 
- methylene blue 
- crystal violet 
- safranin 
 
 
 
heat fixing 
prevents microbe ...
What is microbiology? 
The study of microbes, germs, and microorganisms 
 
 
 
Why is microbiology important? 
Microbiology is ubiquitous. Microbes out number humans. 
 
 
 
What is the most abundant microbe? 
perchlorococcus- P. marinus 
 
 
 
What is the biggest microbe species? 
Armillaria ostoya...
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Add to cartWhat is microbiology? 
The study of microbes, germs, and microorganisms 
 
 
 
Why is microbiology important? 
Microbiology is ubiquitous. Microbes out number humans. 
 
 
 
What is the most abundant microbe? 
perchlorococcus- P. marinus 
 
 
 
What is the biggest microbe species? 
Armillaria ostoya...
What is the correct order of processes involving the movement of oxygen from the environment to mitochondria in vertebrates? 
 
diffusion in tissues, cellular respiration, diffusion at respiratory surface 
 
circulation, cellular respiration, diffusion in tissues 
 
circulation, ventilation, cellula...
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Add to cartWhat is the correct order of processes involving the movement of oxygen from the environment to mitochondria in vertebrates? 
 
diffusion in tissues, cellular respiration, diffusion at respiratory surface 
 
circulation, cellular respiration, diffusion in tissues 
 
circulation, ventilation, cellula...
gene 
a section of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a protein. 
 
 
 
alleles 
one version of a gene. You have one on a chromosome from Mom, the other on the chromosome from Dad. They are represented by capital or lower case letters. 
 
 
 
dominant allele 
A version of a gene where you only need ...
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Add to cartgene 
a section of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a protein. 
 
 
 
alleles 
one version of a gene. You have one on a chromosome from Mom, the other on the chromosome from Dad. They are represented by capital or lower case letters. 
 
 
 
dominant allele 
A version of a gene where you only need ...
What are the four Macromolecules? 
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids 
 
 
 
The Monomer of Carbohydrates 
Monosaccharides (Galactose, Glucose or Fructose) 
 
 
 
The Monomer of Proteins 
Amino Acids 
 
 
 
The Monomer of Nucleic Acids 
Nucleotides 
 
 
 
The Monomer of Lipids 
Glyce...
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Add to cartWhat are the four Macromolecules? 
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids 
 
 
 
The Monomer of Carbohydrates 
Monosaccharides (Galactose, Glucose or Fructose) 
 
 
 
The Monomer of Proteins 
Amino Acids 
 
 
 
The Monomer of Nucleic Acids 
Nucleotides 
 
 
 
The Monomer of Lipids 
Glyce...
Diffusion 
The passive movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration. This happens along a concentration gradient 
 
 
 
Osmosis 
A passive movement of water molecules through a semi permeable membrane. Water moves from an area of low solute concentration to high solu...
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Add to cartDiffusion 
The passive movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration. This happens along a concentration gradient 
 
 
 
Osmosis 
A passive movement of water molecules through a semi permeable membrane. Water moves from an area of low solute concentration to high solu...
Sub-cellular structures 
structures found in cells that include the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts and ribosomes 
 
 
Nucleus 
the control centre of the cell 
 
 
Cytoplasm 
the substance found in living cells (outside the nucleus), where chemical reactions take place 
 
 
Cell membrane 
a laye...
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Add to cartSub-cellular structures 
structures found in cells that include the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts and ribosomes 
 
 
Nucleus 
the control centre of the cell 
 
 
Cytoplasm 
the substance found in living cells (outside the nucleus), where chemical reactions take place 
 
 
Cell membrane 
a laye...
Mutation 
a change in the genetic material of a cell; cause by a mistake during DNA replication. 
 
 
 
Gene Mutations 
changes to a single gene. 
 
 
 
Point Mutations - involve changes in one or a few nucleotides/bases. 
involve changes in one or a few nucleotides/bases. 
 
 
 
Substitutions 
one ...
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Add to cartMutation 
a change in the genetic material of a cell; cause by a mistake during DNA replication. 
 
 
 
Gene Mutations 
changes to a single gene. 
 
 
 
Point Mutations - involve changes in one or a few nucleotides/bases. 
involve changes in one or a few nucleotides/bases. 
 
 
 
Substitutions 
one ...
Which substances are entering the bag and which are leaving the bag? What experimental evidence supports your answers? 
KT entered the bag. Glucose left the bag. The bags color changed the purple that's how we know that KI entered the bag. The beaker's color did not change which means that the sta...
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Add to cartWhich substances are entering the bag and which are leaving the bag? What experimental evidence supports your answers? 
KT entered the bag. Glucose left the bag. The bags color changed the purple that's how we know that KI entered the bag. The beaker's color did not change which means that the sta...
Cell theory was first proposed in 1838. Evidence obtained through additional scientific 
investigations resulted in the current cell theory. Which statement describes a component of the 
original cell theory that was removed because of the new scientific knowledge? 
 
A. All living things are made o...
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Add to cartCell theory was first proposed in 1838. Evidence obtained through additional scientific 
investigations resulted in the current cell theory. Which statement describes a component of the 
original cell theory that was removed because of the new scientific knowledge? 
 
A. All living things are made o...
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Add to cartBIOLOGY EOC |38 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2023
The letters "DNA" stand for... 
deoxyribose nucleic acid 
 
 
 
DNA is composed of smaller subunits known as... 
nucleotides 
 
 
 
The three parts of a nucleotide are... 
pentose group, phosphate group, and nitrogen base 
 
 
 
The four nitrogen bases that are found in DNA are... 
adenine, guanin...
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Add to cartThe letters "DNA" stand for... 
deoxyribose nucleic acid 
 
 
 
DNA is composed of smaller subunits known as... 
nucleotides 
 
 
 
The three parts of a nucleotide are... 
pentose group, phosphate group, and nitrogen base 
 
 
 
The four nitrogen bases that are found in DNA are... 
adenine, guanin...
BIOLOGY TEST |64 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS ALREADY GRADED A+
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Add to cartBIOLOGY TEST |64 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS ALREADY GRADED A+
Define Enzymes 
Enzyme is a biological catalyst, which is protein in nature, and can speed up the rate of a chemical reaction, without it being chemically changed at the end of the reaction. 
 
 
 
How do enzymes work? 
Enzymes work by lowering the activation energy of a reaction. 
Activation energy...
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Add to cartDefine Enzymes 
Enzyme is a biological catalyst, which is protein in nature, and can speed up the rate of a chemical reaction, without it being chemically changed at the end of the reaction. 
 
 
 
How do enzymes work? 
Enzymes work by lowering the activation energy of a reaction. 
Activation energy...
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