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[Show more]Asthma 
Chronic disease due to bronchoconstriction and an excessive inflammatory response in the bronchioles 
 
 
 
What are 5 s/s of asthma 
coughing 
wheezing 
shortness of breath 
rapid breathing 
chest tightness 
 
 
 
Pathophysiology of asthma (5) 
-airway inflammation, bronchial hyper-reactivi...
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Add to cartAsthma 
Chronic disease due to bronchoconstriction and an excessive inflammatory response in the bronchioles 
 
 
 
What are 5 s/s of asthma 
coughing 
wheezing 
shortness of breath 
rapid breathing 
chest tightness 
 
 
 
Pathophysiology of asthma (5) 
-airway inflammation, bronchial hyper-reactivi...
Hypersensitivity: Type 1 
Type 1: Allergic reaction, Mediated by IgE, Inflammation due to mast cell degranulation 
 
Local symptoms: 
-itching 
-rash 
Systemic symptoms: 
-wheezing 
Most dangerous = anaphylactic reaction 
systemic response of hypotension, severe bronchoconstriction 
Main treatment: ...
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Add to cartHypersensitivity: Type 1 
Type 1: Allergic reaction, Mediated by IgE, Inflammation due to mast cell degranulation 
 
Local symptoms: 
-itching 
-rash 
Systemic symptoms: 
-wheezing 
Most dangerous = anaphylactic reaction 
systemic response of hypotension, severe bronchoconstriction 
Main treatment: ...
Which of the following is an autoimmune disease? 
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). 
 
 
 
What is a predominant cause of secondary immune deficiencies worldwide? 
Malnutrition 
 
 
 
An example of a secondary immunodeficiency is? 
HIV, Pneumocystic Carnii, Pneumonia, Sinus Infection, Lung Cancer....
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Add to cartWhich of the following is an autoimmune disease? 
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). 
 
 
 
What is a predominant cause of secondary immune deficiencies worldwide? 
Malnutrition 
 
 
 
An example of a secondary immunodeficiency is? 
HIV, Pneumocystic Carnii, Pneumonia, Sinus Infection, Lung Cancer....
Which of the following can help to prevent a UTI? 
A. Use spermicides during sexual intercourse 
B. Taking more Vitamin D 
C. Douching to prevent the growth of bacteria 
D. Increase water consumption 
D. Increase water consumption 
Water consumption prevents UTI as it keeps bacteria flushed out of t...
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Add to cartWhich of the following can help to prevent a UTI? 
A. Use spermicides during sexual intercourse 
B. Taking more Vitamin D 
C. Douching to prevent the growth of bacteria 
D. Increase water consumption 
D. Increase water consumption 
Water consumption prevents UTI as it keeps bacteria flushed out of t...
Hypersensitivity: Type 1 
-Mediated IgE 
-inflammation due to mast cell degranultion 
-anaphylactic, asthma, hay fever 
treatment: epinephrine 
 
 
 
Hypersensitivity: Type 2 
-Cytotoxic reaction: tissue specific 
-binds to the antigen ON THE CELL SURFACE 
-macrophages are primary effectors cells in...
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Add to cartHypersensitivity: Type 1 
-Mediated IgE 
-inflammation due to mast cell degranultion 
-anaphylactic, asthma, hay fever 
treatment: epinephrine 
 
 
 
Hypersensitivity: Type 2 
-Cytotoxic reaction: tissue specific 
-binds to the antigen ON THE CELL SURFACE 
-macrophages are primary effectors cells in...
Fat Soluble Hormones 
Steroids 
 
 
 
Water Soluble Hormones 
Need 2nd Messenger to transport across phospholipid membranes 
 
 
 
Pituitary Hormones 
TSH, GH, ACTH, FSH, LH, Oxytocin, ADH, Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone 
 
 
 
Anterior Pituitary 
Acct for 75% of total weight of pituitary gland. Thr...
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Add to cartFat Soluble Hormones 
Steroids 
 
 
 
Water Soluble Hormones 
Need 2nd Messenger to transport across phospholipid membranes 
 
 
 
Pituitary Hormones 
TSH, GH, ACTH, FSH, LH, Oxytocin, ADH, Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone 
 
 
 
Anterior Pituitary 
Acct for 75% of total weight of pituitary gland. Thr...
Hematopoiesis 
blood cell formation 
Fetus- liver and spleen 
Adult- bone marrow 
 
 
 
Anemia 
A condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in hemoglobin, or in total volume. 
 
 
 
Erythropoiesis 
formation of red blood cells 
In kidney in response to hypoxia 
 
 
 
macrocytic n...
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Add to cartHematopoiesis 
blood cell formation 
Fetus- liver and spleen 
Adult- bone marrow 
 
 
 
Anemia 
A condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in hemoglobin, or in total volume. 
 
 
 
Erythropoiesis 
formation of red blood cells 
In kidney in response to hypoxia 
 
 
 
macrocytic n...
Visit this site for case examples on 
Pulmonary Function Testing Case Questions and Answers 

 
 
 
Abbreviations: 
-FVC / Forced Vital Capacity 
-FEV1 / Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second 
-TLC / Total Lung Capacity 
-RV / Residual Volume 
-DLCO / Diffusion Capacity for Carbon Monoxide 
-BD / B...
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Add to cartVisit this site for case examples on 
Pulmonary Function Testing Case Questions and Answers 

 
 
 
Abbreviations: 
-FVC / Forced Vital Capacity 
-FEV1 / Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second 
-TLC / Total Lung Capacity 
-RV / Residual Volume 
-DLCO / Diffusion Capacity for Carbon Monoxide 
-BD / B...
Which of the following is true regarding a complicated urinary tract infection? 
Can be caused by a structural urinary tract disorder 
 
 
 
Which of the following is a risk factor for the development of a urinary tract infection (UTI)? 
pregnancy 
 
 
 
A symptom of a lower urinary tract infection ...
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Add to cartWhich of the following is true regarding a complicated urinary tract infection? 
Can be caused by a structural urinary tract disorder 
 
 
 
Which of the following is a risk factor for the development of a urinary tract infection (UTI)? 
pregnancy 
 
 
 
A symptom of a lower urinary tract infection ...
Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction. 
Hives (urticaria) are an example of a: 
 
 
 
Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction. 
Anaphylaxis is a type ___ hypersensitivity reaction. 
 
 
 
Type 4 hypersensitivity reaction. 
Allergic contact dermatitis is an example of 
______ hypersensitivity reaction. 
 
 
 
Ne...
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Add to cartType 1 hypersensitivity reaction. 
Hives (urticaria) are an example of a: 
 
 
 
Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction. 
Anaphylaxis is a type ___ hypersensitivity reaction. 
 
 
 
Type 4 hypersensitivity reaction. 
Allergic contact dermatitis is an example of 
______ hypersensitivity reaction. 
 
 
 
Ne...
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