Ngr5141 - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) - •General adaptation syndrome (GAS)= a triad of nonspecific responses to noxious stimuli Three stages of GAS •Alarm stage - Arousal of body defenses—fight or flight -- Stressor triggers the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. ---- Activates the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). •Stage of resistance or adaptation - Mobilization that contributes to fight or flight -- Begins with the actions of adrenal hormones. ---- Cortisol, epinephrine,...

. What are the causes of mongolian spots? - Mongolian spots result from entrapment of melanocytes in the dermis during migration from the neural crest into the epidermis. 2. Do mongolian spots go away? - Usually in the first year of life they decrease in size 3. Mongolian spots are associated with what disorders? - Cleft lip or palate, spinal meningeal tumor, melanoma and other rare syndromes. Child abuse is sometimes suspected. 4. What are the characteristics of erythema infectiosum (fifth...

Which of the following statements are true in reference to signs of consolidation? (Select all that apply) a. Tactile fremitus is decreased b. Transmitted sound of "E" changes to "Ay" c. Transmitted sound of 1,2,3 is clear d. Auscultation in the bases reveals a predominate expiratory phase - b, c and d - Transmitted sound of "E" changes to "Ay" - Transmitted sound of "1,2,3" is clear (not muffled) - Auscultation in the bases reveals a predominate expiratory phase

Screening for colon cancer is which level of prevention? a) primary b) secondary c) tertiary d) preliminary - b. secondary 2. A sensitive test has which of the following characteristics: a) few false negatives b) few false positives c) helps to diagnose causes of disease d) has been tested in specific populations - a. few false negatives

What are the three principle triggers for asthma? - 1. Allergens and environmental factors 2. URI 3. psychological factors (stress) What are some of the common triggers of asthma? - - Tobacco smoke - wood smoke - household sprays - viruses - other allergens What component of speech should be documented in a patient that presents with an asthma exacerbation? - - Inability to speak in full sentences

Which of the following conditions should be included in the differential diagnoses for chest pain (choose all that apply). - -Pericarditis -Pulmonary embolism -Acute anxiety -Hiatal hernia -Peptic ulcer -Dissecting aortic aneurysm -Costocohondritis -Pneumothorax -Angina Which of the following conditions should be considered in the differential diagnoses for palpitations (choose all that apply)? - -Hyperthyroidism -Anxiety -Low blood sugar -Hypocalcemia -Anemia -Infection -Caffei...

1) Which of the following conditions could be included in the differential diagnoses for chest pain (choose all that apply). - - hypothryroidism - pericarditis - PE - anxiety - HH - PUD - Aortic Dissection - costrochondrtitis - pneumothorax - angina - tinnitus - glaucoma

Epidemiology of Community Aquired Pneumonia (CAP) - • Pneumonia is the most common cause of death for infectious disease • 8th leading cause of overall mortality in US • Most cases occur in immunocompetent community dwelling individuals • 20% of children develop pneumonia by age 5 Epidemiology • Epidemiology-four million adults per year contract community-acquired pneumonia - Incidence is 12 per 1000 - Increases to 30 per 1000 in those > age 75

A patient with COPD has been prescribed home oxygen. How often must the patient wear the nasal cannula for optimal benefit? a. only as needed b. 4-6 hours per day c. 10-12 hours per day d. 18 hours a day - d. - 18 hours a day Question 5: The CURB 65 is used to: a. Diagnosis DVT b. Predict prognosis in CAP and help determine outpatient vs inpatient treatment c. Assess risk for SBE d. Assess need for anticoagulation - b

Acne Rosacea. - Persistent erythema with cluster of tiny superficial blood vessels of the central face, involving the cheeks, nose and chin. Acne like erythematous papules and pustules in the central face. The face has a rosy hue. There are no comedones (black heads or white heads). 2.Diagnosis: Acne Rosacea. Plan.a). Consider ruling out lupus or sarcoid by doing ANA, CXR or punch biopsy. b). Metronidazole 0.75 % gel applied to face once daily c). Minocycline 100 mg twice daily for 7days ...