Cambridge IGCSE History Option B USA Depth Study Notes
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Cambridge IGCSE History Option B - USA Depth Study Notes
treaty of versailles
terms of Treaty of Versailles
terms of Treaty of Versailles in figures
why did Germany sign the T of V?
league of nations
was Treaty of Versailles fair? - Yes
was Treaty of Versailles fair? - No
Woodrow Wilson's a...
Cambridge IGCSE History Option B - USA Depth
Study Notes
1). Treaty of versailles
Ans: peace treaty signed at the end of World War I, in 1919
2). Terms of treaty of versailles
Ans: Germany had to accept full responsibility for WW1.
Germany had to pay £6,600 million in reparations
Army was limited to 100,000 men
Conscription banned
No armored vehicles or tanks
Only 6 battleships
Demilitarised Rhineland
Anschluss forbidden
Czechoslovakia was formed as a new country (contained sudetenland)
France would keep Saarland (coal fields) for 15 years
3). Terms of treaty of versailles in figures
Ans: Germany lost:
10% of its land
All of its overseas colonies
12.5% of its population
16% of its coal fields
50% of its iron and steel industry
4). Why did germany sign the t of v?
Ans: Germany weren't allowed to be at the negotiations
Forced to, if not then the allies would declared war on them, which they could not afford
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, 5). League of nations
Ans: president wilsons idea. Came out of the versailles conference. Aim was to create
world peace and no wars. They believed they would achieve this by negotiation. A total
of 63 countries were involved
6). Was treaty of versailles fair? - yes
Ans: needed to pay for damage caused
alliance had caused war to break out
navy was a threat to world peace
shows consequences of war
7). Was treaty of versailles fair? - no
Ans: Lead to hyperinflation,
population suffered ,
countries needed punishment,
economically damaged, harder to recover,
whole blame,
excluded from 14 point plan,
resentment in germany
8). Woodrow wilson's attitude towards germany
Ans: didn't want to be too harsh on Germany because they might retaliate.
self determination - against empires.
9). Woodrow wilson's aims for the t of v
Ans: To build peace - peace across the world through cooperation
strengthen democracy
14 point plan
10). Georges clemenceau's attitude towards germany
Ans: France had suffered enormous damage to its land
over 2/3 of men served in WW1 were killed or injured
Germany was getting stronger
11). Georges clemenceau's aims for the t of v
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, Ans: wanted Germany to suffer
wanted them to split into smaller states
demanded the Treaty would weaken Germany
see Germany suffer and France prosper
12). David lloyd george aims for the t of v
Ans: Didn't want future retaliation or revenge
keen on Germany losing colonies and navy
middle ground
13). David lloyd george's attitude towards germany
Ans: wanted them to be punished but not too harshly
fear of communism
British public wanted Germany to be punished
14). Consequences for germany coming from the t of v
Ans: 1923-25 - Failure to pay reparations - occupation of the Ruhr by French/Belgian
soldiers, seized goods, 100 German workers killed, strike stopped working, negative
affect on Germany.
15). Hyperinflation
Ans: 1923, The German government overprinted money in an attempt to pay back
reparations. Devalued currency.People lost savings/jobs = poverty.
16). Kapp putsch
Ans: attempted revolution to overthrow the government - right wing, ex soldiers who
hated/blamed the government for the T of V.
17). Treaty of trianon
Ans: Dealt with Hungary. Transylvania given to Romania. Slovakia and Ruthenia given
to Czechoslovakia. Slovenia and Croatia given to Yugoslavia. Other territories given to
Romania 3 mil Hungarians in different countries, loss of raw materials - couldn't pay
reparations.
Treaty of st. germain
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, 18).
Ans: Dealt with Austria. Gave Bohemia and Moravia to the new state of
Czechoslovakia. Bosnia Herzegovina and Croatia given to Yugoslavia. Sorted out the
Chaotic jumble of territory into new states. Italy wanted more land. Eastern Europeans
given self determination.
19). Treaty of neuilly
Ans: Dealt with Bulgaria. Land given to Greece, Romania, and Yugoslavia. Bulgaria had
to limit their army to 20,000. had to pay £100mil in reparations. Were governed by
foreign powers.
20). Treaty of sevres
Ans: 1920, Dealt with Turkey. Smyrna to Greece. Syria to mandate under French
command. Lost control of straits running to Black Sea. Not a successful treaty.
Challenged it, drove Greeks out of Smyrna.
21). Armistice day
Ans: November 11th 1918
22). Treaty of lausanne
Ans: Dealt with Turkey and Greece. Smyrna given back to Turkey. Turkey invaded
Greece to get Smyrna.
23). Brest-litovsk
Ans: 1918
24). Treaty of versailles signed
Ans: 1919 June
25). Kapp putsch
treaty of saint germain & neuilly
Ans: 1919
26).
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