Chsos 404 - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

What are parts of the CNS? - brain and spinal cord What are parts of the PNS? - afferent sensory, efferent motor, somatic voluntary, and autonomic involuntary What are the two neural cells and what are their functions? - neurons- functional cells of the nervous system that contain the cell body, dendrites, and axons schwann cells- supporting cells in the PNS that produce myelin to facilitate rapid conduction of an action potential

function of the cardiovascular system - -transport: nutrients, wastes -communication: hormones -immunity: lymphocytes -coagulation: clotting factors -body temperature mechanism of transport: bulk flow vs diffusion structure of the cardiovascular system - -heart - pump -located in thoracic cavity -encased by fibrous sac - the pericardium -circulatory system -arteries -arterioles -capillaries -venules -veins -2 circulations -pulmonary -systemic

Karolysis - DNA is degraded Pyknosis - Nucleus shrinks in size Karyorrhexis - fragmentation of nucleus Differentiation - process in which cells become specialized in structure and function Less differentiated - seen in cancer cells, tumors Proliferation - an increase in number, multiplication

Brain injury causes - direct trauma or vascular changes that result in lack of perfusion or hemorrhage of brain tissue -can give rise to hypoxia and edema -can increase ICP and result in herniation Brain injury manifestations - loss of consciousness, altered motor and respiratory responses, change in the pupils Traumatic brain injury - varying impairments depending on cause, severity, and brain region involved -may be reversible or self resolving depending on the severity of injury

neurons - functional cells of the nervous system that contain the cell body, dendrites, and axons schwann cells - Supporting cells of the peripheral nervous system responsible for the formation of myelin facilitate rapid conduction of action potential action potentials - short periods of electrical activity at the membrane of a neuron, responsible for the transmission of signals within the neuron

Pyknosis - nuclear shrinkage Karylosis - degraded DNA; dissolution of nucleus Karyorrhexis - Nucleus fragments hemosiderin - pigment released from hemoglobin process

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