Chm 1045 - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

CHM 1045 Final Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025 chemistry - ANSWERSthe study of matter, its composition, its properties, and its interactions macroscopic properties - ANSWERSlength, mass, visible properties microscopic properties - ANSWERSproperties we can't see; need methods of indirect measurement scientific method - ANSWERSobservations, hypothesis, testing/collecting data, draw conclusions theory - ANSWERSdevelops as people around the world independently consistently find ...

4 concepts of Dalton's atomic theory and their correctness - 1. All matter is composed of indivisible particles (atoms) (can split atoms but this is generally correct) 2. atoms and indestructible and unchangeable (can change with extraneous outside methods, but still true) 3. all atoms of a given element are identical (false because of isotopes) 4. compounds are formed when atoms of different elements combine (true) absolute numbers - counts rather than measurements, conversion factors; i...

1 lb = _______ kg - 0.454 5 steps of creating a Lewis structure - 1. calculate total number of valence electrons available 2. determine which will be the central atom 3. arrange atoms symmetrically around the central atom 4. place bonds/electrons around the atoms until the octet rule is satisfied for each atom, using double or triple bonds if necessary 5. show any charges on the molecule by using brackets and writing the charge in the top right corner outside the brackets acid + base --&...

___________ and _________ are inversely proportional; _________ and _______ are directly proportional - frequency and wavelength ; frequency and energy 1st Law of Thermodynamics - delta-U = q + W heat transferred + work done by system on surroundings - W is positive if work is done on the system (by surrounding) - W is negative if work is done by the system A system doing work pushes back on surroundings, it ___________. When surroundings do work, pushes back on system, it _________ . - e...

(CO3)2- - carbonate ion (NO3)- - nitrate (PO4)3- - phosphate ion (SO3)2- - sulfite ion (SO4)2- - sulfate ion 1 Cal = ? cal - 1000 cal 1 cal = ? J - 4.18 J 1 ft = ? in - 12 in 1 gal = ? qt - 4 qt 1 in = ? cm - 2.54 cm 1 lb = ? g - 454 g 1 lb = ? oz - 16 oz 1 mi = ? ft - 5280 ft1 qt = ? L - 0.946 L 1 qt = ? pt - 2 pt 1 ton = ? lbs - 2000 lbs 1 yd = ? ft - 3 ft actinides - the 14 elements with atomic numbers from 90 (thorium, Th) to 103 (lawrencium, Lr) Ag - silver Ag+ - silver io...

accuracy - how close a measurement is to a true or accepted value acid - proton donor Acid Naming Rules - 1. Add O, add "per" prefix. 2. Subtract 1 O, ending in "ous". 3. Subtract 2 O's, add "hypo" prefix with "ous" suffix. acid-base titration - a solution of a known concentration (standard) is added gradually to another in order to determine the concentration actual yield - the amount of actual product formed in a reaction Ag⁺ - Silver cation Al³⁺ - Aluminum cation allot...

kinetic energy Ans:energy of motion potential energy Ans:stored energy endothermic Ans:absorbs heat exothermic Ans:releases heat deposition Ans:gas to solid sublimation Ans:solid to gas condensation Ans:gas to liquid evaporation Ans:liquid to gas physical properties Ans:the page is white, ice melts at 0 degrees, iron weighs 10 grams chemical properties Ans:the copper coin acquired a greenish coating over the years extensive properties Ans:depend on quantity (piece of iron we...

chemistry Ans: the study of matter and the changes it undergoes scientific method Ans: systematic approach to research hypothesis Ans: temporary explanation for the observation law Ans: concise statement of a relationship between phenomena that is always the same conditions or standards theory Ans: principle that explains a basis of facts or laws based on them homogeneous Ans: constant composition heterogeneous Ans: nonuniform composition physical properties Ans: observed withou...

Exp 2- 25.00 mL of an unknow liquid were measured three times. The mass of each of the 25.00 mL samples were 36.137, 36.241, 36.098 g. Calculate the density of each sample and average value of the density. - 1.) 36.137 g/ 25.00 mL= 1.445 g/mL 2.) 36.241 g/ 25.00 mL= 1.450 g/mL 3.) 36.098 g/ 25.00 mL= 1.444 g/mL Average 1.445+ 1.450 + 1.444= 4.339 4.339/3= 1.446 g/mL Exp 2- Consider a stone column 3.00 ft in diameter and 10.00 ft high. What is its mass in pounds if the density is 3.50 g/...

covalent bonds form based on Ans:the sharing of electrons that provides an octet of electrons for each most energetically stable elements in the periodic table Ans:noble gases noble gases are also referred to as Ans:inert gases octet rule Ans:all atoms should strive to have 8 electrons in their outermost shell to achieve the most energetically stable state valence electrons Ans:electrons found in the highest energy shell of an atom (aka the highest principle quantum number, n, shell...