Psych 111 - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Concept - correct answers a mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people Prototype - correct answers a mental image or best example of a category. Matching new items to this provides a quick and easy method for sorting items into categories. Used when classifying objects. Algorithm - correct answers a methodical, logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving particular problem. Contrasts with the usually speedier use of heuristics. (1 of 2 problem solving methods) He...

Kelly's Attribution Theory - correct answers For behaviors that are consistent, people make personal attributions when consensus and distinctiveness are low People will make stimulus (situational) attributions when consensus and distinctiveness are high Fundamental Attribution Error - correct answers When explaining the behavior of other people, we tend to overestimate the role of personal (dispositional) factors and underestimate the role of situational factors Mere-exposure effect - ...

Phrenology - correct answers We no longer use this. Feels for bumps and curves on the head in order to tell a persons intelligence or weakness, along with deviance and criminal possibility. the detailed study of the shape and size of the cranium as a supposed indication of character and mental abilities. Influence of psychology - correct answers Biology and philosophy Wilhelm Wundt - correct answers first psychological lab in 1879 studied basic mental processing, the mind Edward T...

Wilhelm Wundt - correct answers created the term "psychology", godfather of psych structuralism - correct answers analyze consciousness into basic elements and investigate how they're related introspection - correct answers careful self-evaluation of conscious experience functionalism - correct answers investigate function of purpose of consciousness rather than structure natural selection - correct answers some variation due to enviornment genotype variation - correct answers ...

Development Psychology - correct answers Universal Aspects of lifespan development from conception though death; identifies cultural variations - Explores physical, cognitive, social and emotional development - Looks at elements of continuity and change over time Prenatal Development - Germinal Phase - - correct answers conception - 2 weeks Zygote: fertilized egg divides and implants itself in the wall of the uterus Placenta: structure that allows oxygen and nutrients to pass into fe...

Psychology - correct answers scientific study of the mind, brain and behavior. Pseudoscience - correct answers set of claims that see scientific but aren't. Lack safeguard against conservation bias and belief perseverance that characterize science. 6 principles of scientific theory - correct answers 1. ruling out rival hypotheses 2. correlation vs. causation 3. falsifiability 4. replicability 5. extraordinary claims 6. Ocam's razor 5 great theoretical frame works - correct answers 1. ...

Who is generally considered the father of psychology and was responsible for defining psychology as a separate field which could be studied using the scientific methods? - correct answers Wilhem Wundt Jerry sees the big picture when he looks at things. He is a musician and has a hard time understanding the value of a specific note without considering the entire melody. Which psychological movement would best describe his view of things? - correct answers Gestalt Psychology Who was the firs...

motivation - correct answers balance between what your body naturally wants to do and your experiences and nurture arousal - correct answers the state of being awake, alert, and attentive drive reduction theory - correct answers homeostasis, reduce the drive, pulled by incentives what is an example of drive reduction theory - correct answers eating when you are hungry arousal theory - correct answers you want to have some degree of arousal too much = fear not enough = boredom w...

Memory - correct answers Active system that receives information from the senses, puts it into a usable form, organizes it, stores it away, and then retrieves it from storage. 3 Processes of Memory - correct answers Encoding: putting it in Storage: Keeping it Retrieval: Getting it out 3 Models of Memory - correct answers Information-Processing Model - step by step Parallel Distributed Processing (PDP) - at the same time Levels-of-Processing Model - deeper processing = longer retained ...

What is generally referred to when discussing the broad categories of experimental research versus applied research? - correct answers • The premise of experimental design is that a group of participants are randomly assigned to treatment or intervention groups. This random assignment is intended to limit differences between groups. Additionally, the participant and/or experimenter are often blind to which group the participant belongs. With this type of design, you can effectively compare the...