Prokaryotes bacteria etc - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

WGU D311 Microbiology Section 1: FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024 100% GRADED A+ What are characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells "Bacteria" - ANSWER Single celled, do not have nucleus, mitochondria or chloroplast, multiple shapes (coccus, bacillus, vibrio, etc) found in pairs, clusters or chains What are characteristics of Eukaryotic cells "animal and plant cells" - ANSWER Have a nucleus, have membrane bound organelles, single celled or multicellular, larger than...

Effect of osmotic pressure on cells correct answers The changes in diffusion gradient of water -Higher osmotic pressure, more stress on cell Cells are 80-90% H2O Cell walls resist hypotonic solutions, but few organisms can resist hypertonic solutions Isotonic Solution: No net movement of water particles. Cell membrane is attached to cell wall. Hypertonic Solution: Water particles move out of the cell. Cell membrane shrinks and detaches from cell wall (plasmolysis) Hypotonic ...

Heterochromatin - Regions in chromosome where fibers are highly condensed Few genes - resistant to transcription by not completely exempt Concentrated in centromeres and telomeres What is a simple genome and which type of cell has one? - Codes for fewer proteins then a complex genome, prokaryotes Plant cell walls were.... - Reacquired after eukaryotes lost cell walls when they diverged from prokaryotes Genes - Regions of DNA transcribed into any type of RNA What are RNPs? Examples - Ribo...

Definition of a cell - Answer-the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism Hallmarks of a Cell - Answer-Cell membrane, Genetic material, Self-replication, Regulation, Similar macromolecules, Energy use What is the status of Prions, virions, and viruses - Answer-Non-living, acellular, do not share the hallmarks of cells. List effect of microbe on ecosystem - Answer-Ecosystems would not be sustainable without the existence of Microbes List extreme conditions at which micr...

What is microbiology the study of? correct answers microbes and their biological processes What is the smallest biological unit of life? correct answers cell What are the characteristics of life? correct answers movement, responsiveness, growth, reproduction, metabolism, homeostasis, and organization What is a macromolecule? correct answers a complex molecule that is composed from smaller subunits What are the four main types of macromolecules? correct answers protein, lipids, nuclei...

Brooks Biological Principles Exam 2 Latest Update with Verified Solutions Cytology the study of cells Cell Theory all living things are composed of cells and come from living cells Robert Hooke one of the first to use microscope, observing a piece of cork from the stem of plants, where he found chambers arising in the idea of a cell. Light Microscope takes pictures of large atoms. nucleus, not electrons Scanning Electron Microscope electrons are reflected off of a specimen and ...

are antibiotics effective against viral infections? - NO briefly describe eukaryotic cells - -contain nucleus (prokaryotes do not) -contain organelles -selectively permeable cell membrane briefly describe molds - -produce cytoplasmic filaments called hyphae/mycelia -reproduce by spore formation on aerial hyphae briefly describe T. Cruzi - 2 phases: 1. Acute (swelling of eye, cold/flu-like symptoms) 2. Chronic Chagas disease (cardiomyopathy, neurological disorders, etc.) briefly describe...

What is microbiology the study of? - microbes and their biological processes What is the smallest biological unit of life? - cell What are the characteristics of life? - movement, responsiveness, growth, reproduction, metabolism, homeostasis, and organization What is a macromolecule? - a complex molecule that is composed from smaller subunits What are the four main types of macromolecules? - protein, lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates What is the most prominent macromolecule in the body...

In what ways are microorganisms important to humans? correct answers They're important in fermentation reactions, they produce biofuel Studying microorganisms help with vaccination and antibiotic therapy We use microorganisms to purify our water Used in pasteurization so that food is safe to eat What is a bacterial colony and how is one formed? correct answers A colony forms by placing a single microbial cell on a solid nutrient medium where it can grow and divide into millions of cells. ...

How many chromosomes are found in prokaryotes? Answer> one What is another place that can have DNA in prokaryotes? Answer> plasmid Bacteria generally have a? Answer> single large chromosome Super Coiled DNA is Answer> DNA packed and coiled which is held together by proteins. It is not bounded by a membrane. Plasmids Answer> -Extrachromosomal circular DNA -Contain genes which are not necessary for the organism's survival but which may be useful to it (e.g antibiotic ...