ATLS POST TESTQ & A

Oxygen flow rate for Bag Valve Mask (BVM)? - 15 L/min (at least 10) drug Intubation - -give meds if time -pre-oxygenate with high flow oxygen (if can't then need surgical airway) -suction available -size 8 ETT tube with working cuff -laryngoscope and GEB ready -visualize cords, inflate cuff -check position with breath sounds, co2 monitor, -secure tube and ventilate - CXR Circothyroidotomy - -sterile prep and 2% lidocaine -6mm ET tube -preoxygenate 100% NRB mask -give suchin...

A 22yo M is hypotensive and tachycardia after a shotgun wound to the L shoulder. His BP is initially 80/40. After 2L of fluids his BP increases to 122/84. HR is 100bpm and his RR is 28. Breath sounds are decreased in the left hemithorax, and a closed tube thoracotomy is performed with a small amount of blood return and no air leak. What is the next step? - Reexamine the chest A construction worker falls 2 stories and suffers bilateral calcanea fractures. He now is having back pain. What would...

Patients with a GSC of less than ___ usually require intubation. - 8 The "A" in ABCD stands for _______. - Airway maintenance with CERVICAL SPINE PROTECTION You should assume that any patient in a multisystem trauma with an altered level of consciousness or blunt injury above the clavicle has what type of injury? - Cervical spine injury Flail chest is invariably accompanied by ______ which can interfere with blood oxygenation. - pulmonary contusion - do NOT over fluid resuscitate thes...

When something crashes in secondary survey, you... - GO BACK TO PRIAMRY SURVEY If the question says you do not have capabilities, you will most likely - PREPARE FOR AND DO NOT DELAY TRANSPORT How much blood can femur lose - 2L What is always going to be the shock type to pick - Hemorrhagic What are the classes of hemorrhagic shock - 0-15% is class 1 15-30 is class 2 30-40% is class 3 >40% is class 4 What is the EARLIEST predictor of shock at what class - Narrowed pulse press...

True or false? Although the mechanism of injury may be similar to those for the younger population, data shows increased mortality with similar severity of injury in older adults. - True In the elderly population, what is decreased physiological reserve? - aging is characterized by impaired adaptive and homeostatic mechanisms that caused an increased susceptibility to the stress of injury. Insults tolerated by the younger population can lead to devastating results in elderly patients. Pre-...

Primary survey - (A) Airway with cervical spine protection (restrict) (B) Breathing and ventilation (C) Circulation - stop the bleeding (D) Disability - neurological status (E) Exposure - undress and environment (temp control) REPEAT IF ANYTHING GOES WRONG Secondary survey - (A) Allergies (M) Medications (P) PMH and Pregnancies (L) Last meal (E) Environment and Events 3-3-2 Rule - 3 finger lengths between upper and lower incisors 3 finger lengths between hyoid and chin 2 finger ...

Definitive control of the airway is achieved by ____________ - Endotracheal intubation How do you treat hypothermia in the ED? - crystalloid fluids at 102.2 degrees F and warmed treatment area What does definitive hemorrhage control refer to? (3) - 1) Possible surgery 2) Stabilizing of pelvis 3) Angioembolization What are rates of fluid administration measured by? - Size and length of catheter Minimum flow rate of oxygen reservoir mask - 11 L/min MCC of shock in trauma pt - Hyp...

A 23-year-old man is brought immediately to the ED from the hospitals parking lot where he was shot in the lower abdomen. Examination reveals a single bullet wound. He is breathing and has a thready pulse. However, he is unconsious and has no detectable blood pressure. Optimale immediate management is to: A. Perform a FAST B. Initiate infusion of packed red blood cells C. Insert a nasogastric tube and urinary catheter D. Transfer the patient to the operating room, while initiating fluid th...

What is the primary goal of treating TBI? How is this done? - preventing secondary brain injury. This is done by maintaining blood pressure and providing adequate profusion. After managing ABCDEs of TBI what MUST be identified if present? How is this done? - mass lesion that requires surgical evacuation is critical! this is done with CT. NOTE: obtaining a CT should not delay patient transfer to trauma center. Which brain lobes do the following hold: 1. anterior fossa: 2. middle fossa: ...

The primary indication for transferring a patient to a higher level trauma center is:patient to a higher level trauma center is: unavailability of a surgeon or operating roomunavailability of a surgeon or operating room . multiple system injuries, including severemultiple system injuries, including severe head injury. resource limitations as determined by theresource limitations as determined by the transferring ferring doctor. resource limitations as determined ...