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Sumario Histologia del tejido muscular

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Resumen de la histologia del tejido muscular

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  • February 18, 2021
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  • 2020/2021
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Tejido muscular
Formado por células con la capacidad de contraerse.

Funciones:

-Movimiento del cuerpo y de sus partes

-Cambio de tamaño y forma de los órganos internos

Términos relacionados con el TM:

-Fibra muscularcélula

-Sarcoplasma citoplasma

-Sarcolena membrana plasmática

-Retículo sarcoplasmatico REL

-Miofibrillasconjunto de miofilamentos

-Miofilamentos proteínas contráctiles (actina y miosina)

-Sarcómero unidad funcional

La interaccion de miofilamentos es la causa de la contracción de las fibras m

Hay dos tipos de miofilamentos:

-Filamentos finos, compuestos princ por actina

-Filamentos gruesos, compuestos por miosina II

Los dos tipos de miofilamentos ocupan la mayor parte del volumen del sarcoplasma

Clasificación del TM

Se reconocen dos tipos princ de TM:

-Tejido muscular estriado: las células exhiben estriaciones transversales visibles con el microscopio
óptico. Este se subclasifica en:

•Estriado esquelético: Está asociado a los huesos, permitiendo los mov corporales y el
mantenimiento de la postura.

•Estriado visceral: es de morfología idéntica al esquelético, pero su distribución se limita a pocos
sitios; la lengua, la faringe, la porción lumbar del diafragma y el segmento superior del esófago.
Cumple funciones esenciales en la fonación, la respiración y la deglución,

•Estriado cardiaco: Esta en la pared del ♥ y en la desembocadura de las grandes venas que llegan
a él.

-Tejido muscular liso: las células no tiene estriaciones transversales

Tejido muscular estriado esquelético

Está constituido por células musculares (fibras musculares) relacionadas con TC general.

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