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CCI REVIEW ECHO 2 EXAM ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE EXAM AND PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS $20.49   Add to cart

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CCI REVIEW ECHO 2 EXAM ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE EXAM AND PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS

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CCI REVIEW ECHO 2 EXAM ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE EXAM AND PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS/CCI REVIEW ECHO 2 EXAM ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE EXAM AND PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS

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  • November 20, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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CCI REVIEW ECHO 2 EXAM 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE EXAM AND PRACTICE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS

Which aortic leaflet is the superior one in the parasternal long axis view? - correct answer
Right leaflet (the posterior leaflet is the non coronary)
From the left parasternal window which of the following are you most likely to get accurate
velocity measurements? - correct answer Pulmonary artery
In the parasternal short axis view (PSAX), which tricuspid leaflets are seen - correct answer
Anterior and medial/ septal
Posterior can only be seen in RVIT plax
Where is the LAA on TTE? - correct answer Sometimes in the parasternal SAX Aortic Valve level
(Typically seen in the apical 2ch)


Normal LAA Velocity 46 cm/ sec?
The coronary arteries come off the? - correct answer Sinuses of Valsalva
During which phase do the coronaries fill? - correct answer Early diastole
What is the structure under the arch? - correct answer Right pulmonary artery
What cardiac pathology is associated with bicuspid aortic valve? - correct answer Coarctation
of the aorta (80%)


NOTE: coarctation , MVP, and AO dissections, bicuspid AOV are all related to Marfans


Systolic click ejection= bicuspid AoV
Mid Systolic click = MVP


**TURNERS SYNDROME = MVP AND coarctation
Where are the pulmonary veins located? - correct answer Right and left superior (upper)
pulmonary veins inferior to the LV


NOTE: Can be seen on apical 4 chamber w/ inferior angulation.
Where is the Chiari network (system) located? - correct answer Right Atrium

,CCI REVIEW ECHO 2 EXAM 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE EXAM AND PRACTICE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS

The chiari network is the Fenestrated portion of the Eustachian valve
it is located in the Right Atrium
What frequency is usually used for TTE and TEE? - correct answer TTE: 2-7 MHz
TEE: 5-7MHz
At what temperature is it unsafe to use a TEE probe? - correct answer 40-50C or the highest
temperature
What is absolute refractory state? - correct answer That period when a muscle cell is not
excitable- from phase I until into phase 3 the "relative refractory period" is during phase 3 and
the muscle cell might contract if the stimulus is strong.
What does the P-R interval represent? - correct answer Includes P-R segment (from atrial to
ventricular depolarization)
What is a normal duration for the QRS complex? - correct answer 0.10 sec.
Acute Aortic Insufficiency or Aortic regurgitation is _____ because we shift up the Starling
curve. - correct answer Hyper-contractile (Regurgitation increases preload, muscle
tension/contractility increases and eventually results in dilitation, Volume overloads
Chronic Aortic Insufficiency or Aortic regurgitation is _____ when we drop off the end. - correct
answer Failure
Does a PDA increase Left Ventricle preload? - correct answer Yes-when the shunt is Left to
Right.
Calculate CO: - correct answer CO=HR x CSA OR CO=SV x HR
Normal is 4-8 L/min depending on BSA
SV/EDV x 100
What is the Bernoulli equation? - correct answer 4V2 NOTE: THIS EQUATION IS USED TO
CHANGE VELOCITY TO PRESSURES
With a velocity of 0.5m/sec what is the gradient? - correct answer (0.5x0.5=.025 and 0.25x4=1
1mmHg NOTE: 4(0.5)2 BORNOULIS EQUATION TO CONVERT VELOCITIES TO PRESSURES, ALSO
USES THE 4 M/S = 64 mmHg
What does VTI (velocity time integral) and CSA (cross-sectional area) equal? - correct answer
Doppler stroke volume or SV=VTI X CSA
Mitral valve velocity during inspiration? - correct answer Decreases
Note: Tricuspid Valve velocity increases with inspiration

,CCI REVIEW ECHO 2 EXAM 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE EXAM AND PRACTICE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS



REMEMBER I=IV ( Increase on Inspiration in VENOUS) The revers is true for the left systemic
side. Inspiration causes decreases on the left side
Inhalation of amyl nitrite causes? - correct answer Decreased after load
-Vasodilator
-BP drops
-less blood comes back
-HR increases


Decreases vascular resistance. Increases forward flow murmurs decreases AR/MR ( retro flow
murmurs)
What is the Isovolemic timing on the ECG? - correct answer After R wave=Isovolemic
contraction
After T wave=Isovolemic relaxation
During the cardiac cycle this event NEVER happens? - correct answer Aortic valve open
What is the Aortic valve doing during the Q-T interval? - correct answer The valve is open
What is the duration of IVRT and IVCT? - correct answer 70 ms
Valve event - correct answer -Starts Mitral Valve close
-Ends Aortic Valve Opens
-70 ms duration
valve event - correct answer -Starts Aortic close
-Ends- Mitral Valve opens
-70 ms duration (time decreases in bradycardia)
When is Left Ventricle pressure the lowest? - correct answer Early diastole
Best cath technique for Left Ventricle function? - correct answer Left Ventricle angiogram


Angiographic techniques multiple SV x HR
What is PCW (pulmonary capillary wedge) measuring? - correct answer Left atrial pressure

, CCI REVIEW ECHO 2 EXAM 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE EXAM AND PRACTICE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS

To determine Aortic Stenosis where catheters are places? - correct answer One in the Left
Ventricle and one in the aorta or one in the Left Ventricle and "pulled back" across the Aortic
Valve or one catheter with two separate sensors
What does Tissue Harmonic Imaging result in? - correct answer Thicker valve leaflets
A secondary finding in aortic stenosis is? - correct answer Left ventricular hypertrophy


Note: Stenosis is a Afterload which leads to hypertrophy
In aortic stenosis is pulse pressure wide or narrow? - correct answer Narrow
(Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and diastolic pressures-it is wide in Aortic
Insufficiency ( Aortic regurgitation) and narrow in Aortic Stenosis
What is Takayasu's arteritis? - correct answer Also called aortic arch syndrome this disease
occurs more in young women from Asia. There is fibrosis of the arch and descending Aortic of
unknown etiology. In advances stated multiple Coarctations may occur (look for Supravalvular
Aortic Stenosis).
The normal aortic valve area is: - correct answer 3-4cm2
less than 1 is severe stenosis
When does VTI work better? - correct answer VTI works better in patients with poor Left
Ventricle function and when moderate to severe Aortic Insufficiency or Aortic regurgitation is
present than peak velocities.
Using the continuity equation when would the severity of Aortic Stenosis be underestimated? -
correct answer LVOT measured too large
Know that echo gradients are usually higher than cath gradients. - correct answer Peak
instantaneous (echo) and versus peak-to-peak (cath )
What is Noonan Syndrome? - correct answer Classified as a cardiofacial syndrome with
Pulmonic Stenosis, HCM and ASD (30%)
Know that Pulmonic Stenosis does NOT cause pulmonary hypertension. - correct answer ...
Asked if unable to obtain Pulmonic Stenosis gradient from the parasternal window where else
you can go? - correct answer Subcostal short-axis
Which type of mitral deformity occurs where there is only ONE PAPILLARY MUSCLE into which
both chordae insert
OR insertion of mitral chord into a single papillary muscle? - correct answer Parachute mitral
valve

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