NUTR 400 UNH Module 4 Verified Questions And Answers With Real Solutions
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Course
NUTR 400 UNH
Institution
NUTR 400 UNH
NUTR 400 UNH Module 4 Verified Questions And Answers With Real Solutions
What makes a nutrient essential? ANS Essential nutrients must be provided exogenously (from the diet) because the body either doesn't produce any of it, or the body cannot produce it in sufficient quantities.
What makes a...
NUTR 400 UNH Module 4 Verified Questions And
Answers With Real Solutions
What makes a nutrient essential? ANS Essential nutrients must be provided exogenously (from
the diet) because the body either doesn't produce any of it, or the body cannot produce it in sufficient
quantities.
What makes a nutrient non-essential? ANS nutrients that are non-essential can be made
endogenously (in the body) in satisfactory amounts needed to sustain physiological requirements; OR
it may not be required for sustaining life
what makes a nutrient conditionally essential? ANS a nutrient is considered to be conditionally
essential if a once non-essential nutrient becomes an essential nutrient. There are many reasons you
may need to have more of a nutrient such as pregnancy, life stage, injury/illness, etc.
Define Bioavailability ANS the amount of a nutrient that is absorbed and available to be used by
the body. Put simply, the amount of a nutrient that we consume that we are able to use. For example,
you may consume 20 mg of iron, but the availability of it is only about 2 mg.
What factors influence bioavailability? ANS Increase:
- physiological need
-dietary choices
-source (foods preferred over supplements)
We only need micronutrients in ____________ amounts. ANS Small, hence the prefix MICRO
,What are our micronutrients? ANS vitamins and minerals
What is a vitamin? ANS they are organic molecules that yield no energy, most of them cannot be
made by the body, they come from both plant and animal sources, and they are classified as fat
soluble or water soluble.
Which is a better source of vitamins, plants or animals? ANS plants
What are the two different classifications of vitamins? ANS Fat Soluble and Water Soluble
What are the fat soluble vitamins? ANS A, D, E, K
What are the water soluble vitamins? ANS B vitamins, C
Fat soluble vitamins need carriers for transportation...why? ANS fat soluble vitamins require
transporters because they are hydrophobic meaning they will not travel in the blood.
Where are fat soluble vitamins stored? ANS in adipose tissue(fat) and the liver.
How are fat soluble vitamins excreted? ANS they are stored in fat so they typically aren't
excreted unless used. This leads to why fat soluble vitamins have the potential for toxicity, because
they are just building up in our bodies and not regularly being excreted or lost like water soluble
vitamins are.
What is the general requirement for consumption of fat soluble vitamins? ANS they should be
consumed periodically, but not too often as this can result in toxicity.
Describe the transport of water soluble vitamins. ANS they can travel freely through the blood
because blood is water based and they are hydrophilic meaning they have no trouble traveling in
water.
, Describe the storage of water soluble vitamins. ANS Water soluble vitamins are stored within
bodily fluids (water within the body), and because of this they can be easily lost and that is why it is
important to frequently consume water soluble vitamins
Describe the excretion of water soluble vitamins. ANS Water soluble vitamins are excreted via
the kidneys through our urine. They remain in our bodily water, and the kidneys are constantly
filtering that water, hence the vitamins will be excreted as such.
How common is water soluble vitamin toxicity? ANS Not very common because they are stored
in water and the water in our body is constantly being excreted so we are actually more likely to
become deficient than experience a toxicity. Toxicity would most likely be the result of taking a
supplement
What happens to vitamins in the stomach? ANS the stomach is the first site of digestion of
vitamins
What happens to vitamins traveling between the stomach and small intestine? ANS when
vitamins are detected in the stomach, pancreatic enzymes are released into the small intestine to help
to aid in their release from food.
What happens to fat soluble vitamins in the small intestine? ANS Bile is released to help aid in
the digestion of fat soluble vitamins. The vitamins are then absorbed by the small intestine along with
dietary fat and they are then carried by chylomicrons into the lymphatic system to circulate through
the body.
What happens to water soluble vitamins in the small intestine? ANS they are absorbed by the
small intestine into the blood stream where they will then travel to various regions of the body
What is something unique about Vitamin K ANS vitamin K can be made in small amounts by
bacteria in the small and large intestine.
What are ways in which vitamins can be destroyed or lost during the cooking process? ANS
roasting, heating for a long time, freezing for a long time, cooking with water (steaming, boiling, etc)
Bottom Line: vitamins are extremely sensitive and can be lost quickly
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