FSHD 1020 Test 2 Study Guide Questions
With Correct Answers
Metabolic syndrome puts a person at risk for which chronic diseases? - answer✔heart disease,
diabetes, and stroke
what is salivary amylase? - answer✔-enzyme that begins starch digestion in the mouth
-breaks down starch into many smaller units
describe the process of carbohydrate digestion - answer✔1. Mouth: some starch is broken
down to maltose by salivary amylase
2. Stomach: salivary amylase is inactivated by strong acid in the stomach. no further digestion
occurs in the stomach
3. Pancreas: enzymes (amylase) from pancreas break down starch into maltose in the small
intestine
4. Small intestine: enzymes in the wall of the small intestine break down the disaccharides
sucrose, lactose, and maltose into mono saccharides glucose, fructose, and galactose
5. Absorption of glucose, fructose and galactose into blood to be taken to the liver via a portal
vein
6. Large intestine: viscous fiber is fermented into various acids and gases by bacteria in the
large intestine
7. Rectum and anus: nonfermentable fiber escapes digestion and is excreted in feces but little
other dietary carbohydrate remains
where is glycogen stored? - answer✔liver and muscles
what is a polysaccharide? - answer✔numerous single sugar units bonded together to form a
chain. also called complex carbohydrates or starch
what is high-fructose corn syrup? - answer✔corn syrup that has been manufactured to contain
between 42% and 90% fructose. most commonly found in soft drinks, candies, jams, jellies and
many other fruit products and desserts
why does the body need glucose? - answer✔it is an important source of energy for human cells
what causes type 1 diabetes? - answer✔when the pancreas doesn't produce enough insulin so
the blood glucose level becomes too high
what is sucrose? - answer✔glucose + fructose
-found in sugarcane, sugar beets, honey, and maple sugar
what hormone is produced when blood sugar is high? - answer✔insulin
what is dextrose? - answer✔also known as glucose
what foods are generally high in fiber? - answer✔fruits, vegetables, beans & legumes, breads &
grains, nuts
what is amylose? - answer✔a digestible straight chain type of starch composed of glucose units
what causes lactose intolerance? - answer✔lactase deficiency
what absorption method does glucose use? - answer✔Glucose is absorbed by sodium glucose
co-transport mechanism.
what benefits are derived from a high fiber diet? - answer✔maintaining bowel regularity,
absorption of cholesterol and cholesterol rich bile acids from the small intestine, thereby
reducing blood cholesterol and possibly reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and
gallstones
list the 3 monosaccharides - answer✔glucose, fructose, galactose
list the 3 disaccharides - answer✔sucrose, lactose, maltose
what should you consume more of if you eat a very high fiber diet? - answer✔water
what is the glycemic index? - answer✔The blood glucose response to a given food compared to
a standard (typically, glucose or white bread). glycemic index is influenced by starch structure,
fiber content, food processing, physical structure, and macronutrients in the meal such as fat.
what is glycogen? - answer✔a carbohydrate made of multiple units of glucose with a highly
branched structure. It is the storage form of glucose in humans and is synthesized (and stored)
in the liver ad muscles
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