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AP Psych, Unit 5, Cognitive Psychology Review Questions with complete answers
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AP Psych, Unit 5, Cognitive Psychology Review Questions with complete answers
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AP Psych, Unit 5, Cognitive PsychologyReview Questions with complete answers
encoding that requires attention and conscious effort - ✔✔effortful
processing
unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time, and
frequency, and of well-learned information, such as word meanings -
✔✔automatic processing
encoding semantically, based on the meaning of the words; tends to yield the
best retention - ✔✔deep processing
encoding on a basic level based on the structure or appearance of words
An approach to memorization that involves focusing on the superficial
characteristics of the stimulus, such as the sound of a word or the typeface
in which it's printed. - ✔✔shallow processing
the ability to focus on only one stimulus from among all sensory input -
✔✔selective attention
concentrating on more than one activity at the same time
Divided attention is required when multiple tasks require selective attention,
sustained attention or a combination of both. The problem with dividing
attention is caused by the brain mechanism that allows us to switch between
multiple different tasks. - ✔✔divided attention
, "Thinking about thinking" or the ability to evaluate a cognitive task to
determine how best to accomplish it, and then to monitor and adjust one's
performance on that task - ✔✔Metacognition
activated memory that holds a few items briefly, such as the seven digits of
a phone number while dialing, before the information is stored or forgotten -
✔✔short-term memory
retention independent of conscious recollection. (Also called procedural
memory.) - ✔✔implicit memory
the relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system.
Includes knowledge, skills, and experiences. - ✔✔long-term memory
the immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory
system - ✔✔sensory memory
a momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli - ✔✔echoic memory
a momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli - ✔✔iconic memory
remembering to do something in the future - ✔✔prospective memory
memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and
"declare" - ✔✔explicit memory
memory for knowledge about the world - ✔✔semantic memory
the collection of past personal experiences that occurred at a particular
time and place - ✔✔episodic memory
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