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PORTAGE LEARNING BIOD 151 ALL EXAMS (2024/2025) ACTUAL TEST BANK EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS || ALREADY GRADED A+ <LATEST VERSION> $14.49
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PORTAGE LEARNING BIOD 151 ALL EXAMS (2024/2025) ACTUAL TEST BANK EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS || ALREADY GRADED A+ <LATEST VERSION>
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Course
BIOD 151
Institution
BIOD 151
PORTAGE LEARNING BIOD 151 ALL EXAMS
(2024/2025) ACTUAL TEST BANK EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS || ALREADY GRADED A+
<LATEST VERSION>
EXAM 1
What is a carbohydrate? - ANSWER Commonly referred to as sugars. They are
the primary fuel source for org...
PORTAGE LEARNING BIOD 151 ALL EXAMS
(2024/2025) ACTUAL TEST BANK EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS || ALREADY GRADED A+
<LATEST VERSION>
EXAM 1
What is a carbohydrate? - ANSWER ✔ Commonly referred to as sugars. They are
the primary fuel source for organisms and have the same three elements in their
main structure: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Fructose, glucose. H to O ratio
always 2:1.
Polymer - ANSWER ✔ A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical
monomers linked together.
Monomer - ANSWER ✔ A simple compound whose molecules can join together
to form polymers
Why are lipids unique among the macromolecules? - ANSWER ✔ Lipids are
insoluble in water. Lipids are also not monomers; they are assembled from smaller
molecules that are chemically linked together
,Why are lipids insoluble in water? - ANSWER ✔ They are made of mostly non
polar hydrocarbon chains. Water will only dissolve other polar bonded substances.
Lipids can be dissolved in non polar solvents, like alcohol
What is the structure of a phospholipid? - ANSWER ✔ 2 main components: a
polar head group joined to a non-polar tail group. The head is attracted to polar
substances such as water. The tail is non-polar and repels water.
Name the functions of proteins (7) - ANSWER ✔ 1. to act as enzymes and
regulate metabolic function
2. store amino acids
3. act as hormones
4. form antibodies for immunological defense
5. act as carriers for transport and also form membrane channels
6. form cell surface receptors to receive chemical messages
7. act as structural molecules for support and movement
How is the shape of a protein related to its function? - ANSWER ✔ Proteins can
be assembled into a variety of shapes which allows them to serve a lot of functions.
Some functions allow for proteins to make skin, hair, and nails, while others form
enzymes to make hemoglobin
Enzyme - ANSWER ✔ catalysts that speed up chemical reactions
2 main types of nucleic acids - ANSWER ✔ Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and
ribonucleic acid (RNA)
, Deoxyribonucleic acid - ANSWER ✔ contains a vast amount of hereditary
information and is responsible for inheritable characteristics of living organisms
ribonucleic acid - ANSWER ✔ responsible for deciphering the hereditary
information in DNA and using it to synthesize proteins
Structure of DNA - ANSWER ✔ Chain of nucleotides; DNA is like a ladder or
spiral staircase held together by hydrogen bonds. The outside is made of a sugar-
phosphate backbone with alternating sugars and phosphates and the inside "steps"
are the nitrogenous bases.
Structure of RNA - ANSWER ✔ single chain of nucleotides
Nucleotide - ANSWER ✔ monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar,
a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
Differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells - ANSWER ✔ Size,
complexity, prokaryotes have non-enclosed genetic material, and prokaryotes have
no organelles
Which organelle is the manufacturing plant of the cell? - ANSWER ✔ Ribosome
What 3 types of protein make up the cytoskeleton? - ANSWER ✔ Microtubules,
microfilaments, and intermediate filaments
Microtubules - ANSWER ✔ Spiral strands of protein molecules that form a
tubelike structure
, Microfilaments - ANSWER ✔ Long, thin fibers that function in the movement
and support of the cell
intermediate filaments - ANSWER ✔ Threadlike proteins in the cell's
cytoskeleton that are roughly twice as thick as microfilaments
Which type of cell junctions are mechanical structures that wrap around the cell to
prevent extracellular fluid from leaking? - ANSWER ✔ Tight junction
gap junctions - ANSWER ✔ Points that provide cytoplasmic channels from one
cell to another with special membrane proteins. Also called communicating
junctions.
synaptic junction - ANSWER ✔ The open space in which neurotransmitters travel
through to reach a receptor
Desomosomes - ANSWER ✔ prevent cells from separating during contraction -
velcro
What is the purpose of the cell membrane? - ANSWER ✔ Outermost constituent
of the cell: encloses cell's cytoplasm and organelles and separates the extracellular
environment from the intracellular environment
passive transport - ANSWER ✔ the movement of substances across a cell
membrane without the use of energy by the cell
active transport - ANSWER ✔ Energy-requiring process that moves material
across a cell membrane against a concentration difference
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