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NRSG 357 Exam 1 Study Guide: Questions/Solutions
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NRSG 357 Exam 1 Study Guide: Questions/Solutions
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NRSG 357 Exam 1 Study Guide: Questions/SolutionsNormal blood pressure Right Ans - 120/80 mmHg
Prehypertension Right Ans - 121-129/80 mmHG
Hypertension Stage 1 Right Ans - 130-139/80-89 mmHG
Hypertension Stage 2 Right Ans - 140 or higher/90 or higher mmHG
Hyptensive crisis Right Ans - 180 or higher/120 or higher
Primary (essential) hypertension Right Ans - having high BP without
identified cause; not knowing the main cause but may know risk factors
Secondary Hypertension Right Ans - having high BP with identified cause
Isolated Systolic Hypertension Right Ans - systolic BP higher than 140
mmhg with diastolic lower than 90 mmhg
Non Modified Risk factors for Hypertension Right Ans - age, gender, family
history, ethnicity...
Modifiable Risk factors for Hypertensions Right Ans - alcohol, tobacco,
diabetes, obesity, stress, activity
Clinical manifestations of Hypertension Right Ans - SOB, angina, fatigue,
dizziness, palpation, no sign but high BP
Target organ damage Right Ans - Brain: stroke
Eyes: retinopathy
Circulation: aneurysms, artherosclerosis
Kidney: renal failure
Heart: LVH, CHD, HF
Types of diagnostic tests Right Ans - -fasting blood, CBC (to measure
glucose in blood)
-Routine Urinalysis (measures amount of glucose and salt in urine)
, -Estimated Glomerulus Filtration Rate (eGFR) (measures the function of
kidneys; low creatinine= renal insufficient)
-Ambulated BP monitor (measures BP 12-24 hours daily)
Lifestyle modifications Right Ans - -low calories, sodium, and fat
-increase potassium intake
-restrict sodium intake to 1.5g - 2.3g
-DASH eating plan
Thiazide diuretics (hydrochlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone) Right Ans - -
inhibit reabsorption of sodium in the nephron's tubule
Loop &K+ Sparing Diuretics (Furosemide, Spironolactone) Right Ans - -
inhibits the reabsorption of sodium in the loop of henle
ACE inhibitors (captopril, lisinopril) Right Ans - -prevent an enzyme
making angio 2 (vessel tightens)
-relaxes vessel= vasodilation
-dilate arteries and veins to decrease arterial pressure and prolong afterload
ARBS (Losartan, Valsartan) Right Ans - -prevent angio 2
-vasodilation
-increase Na and water excretion
Beta blockers (propranolol, metoprolol) Right Ans - -decrease beat and
force of heart
-widen veins and arteries
-vasodilation
-increase blood flow
Calcium Channel Blockers (amlodipine, diltiazem) Right Ans - -cause
vascular smooth muscle resulting in decrease systemic vascular resistance
and decrease arterial BP
Renin Inhibitors (aliskiren) Right Ans - -inhibit renin
alpha 1 agonist: Doxazosin Right Ans - cause vasodilation of arterioles and
veins
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