Exam (elaborations)
MATERNITY EXAM 3 (WOMEN'S HEALTH)
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MATERNITY EXAM 3 (WOMEN'S HEALTH) MATERNITY EXAM 3 (WOMEN'S HEALTH) MATERNITY EXAM 3 (WOMEN'S HEALTH)
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MATERNITY EXAM 3 (WOMEN'SHEALTH)
what disorder have a prevalence of approximately 8-13%, it is very underdiagnosed, it is very common
but overlooked, the cause is unclear and it is associated with hormone production, estrogen, and
androgen hormones, it is a common cause of anovulation leading to infertility, and tends to have genetic
component in families? - ANS PCOS
what disorder has higher incidence of diabetes mellitus, heart disease, and endometrial cancers? - ANS
PCOS
does PCOS have psychosocial effects due to higher incidence of obesity and increased facial hair? - ANS
yes
what disorder has clinical findings of:
§ Looks like metabolic syndrome to some extent physically
§ Irregular menstrual cycles (do not ovulate regularly)
§ Obesity
§ Hirsutism (hair growth in face and breasts)
§ Male pattern hair loss
§ Acne
§ Hyperinsulinemia
§ Insulin resistance (higher incidence of type 2 DM)? - ANS PCOS
what disorder looks like metabolic syndrome to some extent physically and has irregular menstrual
cycles where they do not ovulate regularly, it has a feedback cycle where FSH and LH levels are
imbalanced trying to make up for excess androgen hormones, and in fat tissues the androgens are
converted to estrogen is a continuous feedback cycle? - ANS PCOS
,how do we diagnose PCOS? - ANS rotterdam criteria
how many of the rotterdam criteria are needed to diagnose PCOS? - ANS two out of three
what are these components of for PCOS and you need two out of three of them to diagnose it:
· Oligo and/or anovulation
· Hyperandrogenism (clinical or biochemical)
· Polycystic ovaries on U/S? - ANS rotterdam criteria
what are the three components of the rotterdam criteria for PCOS? - ANS · Oligo and/or anovulation
· Hyperandrogenism (clinical or biochemical)
· Polycystic ovaries on U/S
what part of the rotterdam criteria for PCOS is irregular or no ovulation? - ANS oligo and/or anovulation
what part of the rotterdam criteria for PCOS consists of increased facial hair, excess testosterone levels,
LH elevation, insulin levels elevated, and increased acne? - ANS hyperandrogenism (clinical or
biochemical)
what part of the rotterdam criteria for PCOS is where you will see a ring of pearls which are cysts that
surround the ovaries? - ANS polycystic ovaries on ultrasound
what does the treatment for PCOS depend on? - ANS depends on symptoms and fertility desires
what are lifestyle modifications for PCOS? - ANS -lose weight
,-diet
-control excess sugar intake
-if they want children, induce ovulation
-if they don't want children, menstrual cycle control
-insulin sensitizing medications
what are these examples of for PCOS:
-lose weight
-diet
-control excess sugar intake
-if they want children, induce ovulation
-if they don't want children, menstrual cycle control
-insulin sensitizing medications? - ANS lifestyle modifications
with PCOS, should you avoid simple sugars? - ANS yes
if someone with PCOS wants children, can we induce ovulation and try to regulate their cycle either with
oral contraceptives and then get them off of them later on, and/or Metformin can help with weight loss
and inducing ovulation? - ANS yes
if someone with PCOS doesnt want children, do we do menstrual cycle control with oral contraceptives,
IUD, progesterone injections, and combinations with metformin? - ANS yes
with what disorder is there an increased incidence of hypertension, coronary artery disease, insulin
resistance, type 2 diabetes, and sleep apnea? - ANS PCOS
, if estrogen is contraindicated for PCOS, can you try progesterone only like with an IUD with metformin? -
ANS yes
for PCOS, do you need to do a complete workup with a CBC and a thyroid panel? - ANS yes
what are also known as uterine fibroids and they are benign, small, asymptomatic tumors that arise
from smooth muscle cells in the myometrium, and the cause is unknown, but there is a clear hormonal
link? - ANS leiomyomas
regarding fibroids, do we know that there is a clear hormonal link because when women are pregnant
the fibroids increase in size due to increased levels of estrogen, and they thrive off of estrogen? - ANS
yes
what disorder has risk factors of:
§ Very common in African American and Asian women
§ European descent females are also increased risk.
§ Not having any children
§ Ages 30-50
§ Obesity
§ Sedentary lifestyle
§ Early amenorrhea and go into menopause really late
§ Alcoholics? - ANS leiomyomas
what disorder has a clinical presentation of:
-asymptomatic
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