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WGU D116 Exam – Questions With Complete Answers
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WGU D116 Exam – Questions With Complete Answers
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WGU D116 Exam – Questions With Complete AnswersThe patient who has not seen results from two weeks of initial therapy of
citalopram
The toddler on oral amoxicillin for acute otitis media
The 55-year-old male who is unable to achieve and maintain an erection with
25 mg of sildenafil
The heart failure patient on digoxin Right Ans - The heart failure patient on
digoxin
Correct! Digoxin is a narrow therapeutic window index drug that requires
levels to be drawn frequently to assess for efficacy and toxicity.
Which drug is a prototype nonselective beta-blocker? Right Ans - Correct!
Propranolol is a prototype nonselective beta-blocker.
You have a patient who has been on amlodipine for hypertension for the last
three months. He is tolerating the medication well. But he has not shown a
decrease in blood pressure as you would like. You want to keep this patient on
a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker because of the lack of side effects.
Which drug is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker?
Clozapine
Diltiazem
Isradipine
Verapamil Right Ans - Correct! Isradipine is a dihydropyridine calcium
channel blocker. The -dipine suffix can help you determine this.
A patient with chronic pain calls the provider's office to request a refill for
oxycodone.
Which action is most appropriate?
Verify the patient's adherence to the drug regimen
Determine the patient's current medication dosage
Fax an order to the pharmacy
Schedule an appointment with the patient Right Ans - Correct! Schedule II
medications are not eligible for refills, and prescriptions must be in a hard
script, therefore the patient must be evaluated in person.
A patient is using a metered-dose inhaler containing albuterol for asthma. The
medication label instructs the patient to administer "two puffs every 4 hours
,as needed for coughing or wheezing." The patient reports feeling jittery
sometimes when taking the medication, and she does not feel that the
medication is always effective.
Which action is most appropriate?
Asking the patient to demonstrate the use of the inhaler
Auscultating the patient's lung sounds and obtaining vital signs
Suggesting that the patient use one puff to reduce side effects
Assessing the patient's exposure to tobacco smoke Right Ans - Correct!
Performing a physical assessment helps the nurse evaluate the patient's
response to the medication and identifies the presence of other side effects.
The nurse administers naloxone to a patient who has received a toxic dose of
morphine sulfate.
The naloxone is effective because of which action?
Increasing the excretion of morphine sulfate by altering serum pH
Regulating the sensitivity of opioid receptors by neurochemical alterations
Countering the effects of morphine sulfate by agonist actions
Preventing activation of opioid receptors through antagonist actions Right
Ans - Correct! Naloxone acts by blocking the action of opioids at opioid
receptors.
The nurse is preparing to administer penicillin G intramuscularly to a child.
The child's parents ask why the drug cannot be given in an oral liquid form.
What is the nurse's reply?
"This drug causes severe gastric upset if given orally."
"This drug is absorbed much too quickly in an oral form."
"This drug has a narrow therapeutic range, and the dose must be tightly
controlled."
"This drug would be inactivated by enzymes in the stomach." Right Ans -
Correct! Penicillin G is inactivated by digestive enzymes in the stomach and
cannot be given orally. It does not have a narrow therapeutic range.
Ipratropium bromide is a quaternary ammonium derivative of the prototype
drug atropine. It is used for bronchodilation.
Why would a medicinal chemist want to alter this prototype?
To increase the drug activity in the systemic circulation
, To allow for higher doses to be delivered
To decrease clearance
To allow the drug to more readily cross the blood-brain barrier Right Ans -
Correct! Ipratropium bromide can cause greater bronchodilation with less
toxicity from systemic absorption because higher doses can be achieved with
less absorption into the systemic circulation and through the blood-brain
barrier.
Of the four drugs listed, which drug would you expect to have a unique side
effect profile and unique mechanism of action from the others?
Losartan
Captopril
Enalapril
Lisinopril Right Ans - Correct! Bradykinin cough is not present in
angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). ARBs have a -sartan stem.
Sildenafil is a prototype of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5
inhibitors) that Pfizer launched as Viagra.
Which drug is also a PDE5 inhibitor?
Tadalafil
Silodosin
Siltuximab
Denosumab Right Ans - Correct! The suffix -fil denotes it is in the PDE5
family of drugs.
A group of nursing students asks a nurse to explain the blood-brain barrier.
The nurse would be correct to say that the blood-brain barrier __________.
causes infants to be less sensitive to CNS drugs and thus require larger doses
prevents lipid-soluble drugs from entering the central nervous system
prevents some potentially toxic substances from crossing into the central
nervous system
allows only ionized or protein-bound drugs to cross into the central nervous
system Right Ans - Correct! The blood-brain barrier can prevent some
drugs and some toxic substances from entering the CNS. The blood-brain
barrier in infants is not fully developed, so infants are more sensitive to CNS
drugs and often require lower doses. The blood-brain barrier prevents highly
ionized and protein-bound drugs from crossing into the CNS and allows lipid-
soluble drugs and those that can cross via specific transport systems to enter.
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